Corneal temperature in patients with dry eye evaluated by infrared radiation thermometry.

Fujishima, Hiroshi; Toda, Ikuko; Yamada, Masakazu; Sato, Nobuhiro; Tsubota, Kazuo

doi:10.1136/bjo.80.1.29

Cited by 102 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although we have previously demonstrated that the T4 metrics have some utility in differentiating dry eyes vs. controls, the present study was in agreement with Fujishima et al [14] i.e., no correlation was found between OST with individual dry eye signs or symptoms.…”

Section: Correlation Between T4 Metrics and Signs And Symptoms For Drsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Ocular surface temperature (OST) measurement with infrared (IR) ocular thermography is indicative of the tear film and its stability [9,10]. Ocular thermography has been used to study DED [9,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] with three studies reporting on its diagnostic ability [16,18,19] with inconsistent results. We have also considered the application of IR ocular thermography in screening mild to moderate DED.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic Ability of Conventional Dry Eye Tests and their Correlation with Ocular Surface Temperature

Tan¹,

Morgan²

2016

J Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Objective: To study the diagnostic ability of conventional dry eye tests and their correlation with ocular surface temperature (OST) and derive the best combined objective tests for dry eye. Methods:This was a single visit study included a few conventional dry eye tests on 62 dry eye and 82 control subjects: symptom evaluation, fluorescein break-up time (FBUT), corneal epithelial staining (CES), non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT) and tear meniscus height (TMH). OST was recorded using NEC TH9260 thermo tracer and six temperature metrics of the extreme nasal conjunctiva was studied including the temperature 10 seconds after eye opening (T4-10). Diagnostic ability was assessed by calculating sensitivity and specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC). Results:No correlation (Pearson's coefficient, -0.203 to 0.209; p>0.05) was found between Mscore, Scount, FBUT and CES with any of the temperature metrics. However, CES correlated significantly with TMH (r=0.276; p=0.030) and inversely correlated significantly with FBUT (r=-0.258; p=0.043). Values of Mscore at 8 were found to give sensitivity of 87.1% (95% CI: 76.2 to 94.3%) and specificity of 92.7% (84.8 to 97.3%). Values of Scount at 1 were found to give sensitivity of 93.6% (84.3 to 98.2%) and specificity of 65.9% (54.6 to 76.0%). Values of FBUT at 2 s were found to give sensitivity of 58.1% (44.9 to 70.5%) and specificity of 87.8% (78.7 to 94.0%). Values of CES at grade 2 were found to give sensitivity of 71% (58.1 to 81.8%) and specificity of 59.8% (48.3 to 70.4%). Combining CES with T4-10 (series) had increased the AUC to 78% with sensitivity and specificity of 92.3% and 42.7% respectively. Conclusion:This work validated the ability of Mscore, Scount, FBUT and CES in diagnosing dry eye and further confirmed the discordance between its signs and symptoms. Combining CES with T4-10 (series) can be future objective tests for dry eye.

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Section: Correlation Between T4 Metrics and Signs And Symptoms For Drsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Ability of Conventional Dry Eye Tests and their Correlation with Ocular Surface Temperature

Tan¹,

Morgan²

2016

J Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…Temperature measurement of the anterior segment of the eye is of potential importance in a variety of research applications, including ocular inflammation, tear film, and photorefractive surgery [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. Because the temperature of the body surface depends largely on local blood flow, temperature measurements might also provide information on the latter, including in ocular tissues [2, 4, 7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in the Measurement of Corneal Temperature Using a Noncontact Infrared Thermometer

Koçak

Orgül

Flammer³

1999

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To assess the variability of corneal temperature and the reproducibility of its measurement by means of a noncontact infrared thermometer in healthy subjects. Methods: The THI-500 noncontact infrared thermometer (Tasco Japan, Osaka, Japan) was used for the measurement of corneal temperature. The reproducibility of corneal temperature measurements was assessed for 5 consecutive temperature readings obtained within 45 min or within 5 days. In addition, the interocular difference in corneal temperature and the diurnal temperature changes of the cornea were assessed. For each experiment, 10 healthy subjects were recruited. Results: The reliability of 5 consecutive corneal temperature measurements obtained within 45 min and within 5 days was 97.92 and 85.35%, respectively. Interocular differences in corneal temperature were not statistically significant (p = 0.70). Average corneal temperature varied significantly during the day (p < 0.0001), with lower corneal temperature readings during the morning hours compared to those obtained during the afternoon. Conclusion: The assessment of corneal temperature by means of noncontact infrared thermometry is highly reproducible. Corneal temperature varies throughout the day, and this variation is independent of variations in environmental temperature.

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“…Con base en lo anterior, en este trabajo se han propuesto los fundamentos basados en resultados experimentales, que permitirían posteriormente establecer un método para diagnosticar de manera cuantitativa el síndrome del ojo seco, mediante la técnica de la termografía infrarroja, el cual puede llegar a ser un procedimiento totalmente efectivo para el diagnóstico clínico del mismo (5,16,33), ya que se basa en pruebas cuantitativas, mientras que en la actualidad el diagnóstico se hace por medio de pruebas cualitativas no muy precisas como lo es la prueba Schirmer I; sin embargo se hace necesario realizar un trabajo con una muestra poblacional mayor, con el fin de cuantificar y estandarizar de manera formal el método propuesto, de tal manera que pueda ser utilizado para el diagnóstico y seguimiento clínico del SOS.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En la actualidad, el estudio de la sequedad ocular ocupa un lugar privilegiado en las investigaciones oftalmológicas, ya que los intensos esfuerzos destinados al estudio de esta singular enfermedad están orientados principalmente hacia los aspectos relacionados con su fisiopatología y el desarrollo de nuevos y efectivos medicamentos (3); por lo que se ha dejado atrás el estudio de nuevas opciones de diagnóstico totalmente cuantitativas y no invasivas. Generalmente el diagnóstico de ojo seco se basa en el desarrollo de dos pasos, la recopilación de datos a partir de las manifestaciones que el enfermo refiere, y los test de diagnóstico: Schirmer I, tiempo de ruptura de la película lagrimal (BUT), tinción con rosa de Bengala, fluoresceína o lisamina verde (3,5,6), aunque estas pruebas son utilizadas por los oftalmólogos actualmente, no son totalmente confiables ya que arrojan resultados no muy precisos y además son muy incomodas para el paciente.La termografía biomédica no es invasiva, no es ionizante, libre de riesgo, amigable con el paciente y el costo es considerablemente bajo (7). Distribuciones de temperatura de la superficie de la piel plasmadas en una imagen térmica se pueden utilizar para identificar las áreas de anormalidad térmica, para la detección temprana y monitoreo de los procesos de enfermedad; y para controlar la eficacia de los procedimientos de tratamiento (8).…”

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Fundamentos para una metodología de diagnóstico del síndrome del ojo seco basado en la termografía infrarroja

Llamosa

Jaime-Díaz

Rincón³

2016

Rev. Médica Risaralda

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Resumen:El Síndrome del ojo seco afecta aproximadamente el 40% de la población, si no se trata a tiempo puede llegar a causar trastornos en la salud visual de las personas. En este trabajo se presentan los fundamentos para el diseño y la implementación de una metodología para el diagnóstico de esta enfermedad, la cual se basa en la variación de la temperatura de la superficie ocular de sujetos normales comparados con pacientes con ojo seco, utilizando la técnica de termografía infrarroja. Este protocolo se fundamenta en el cambio de la temperatura de la córnea después de mantener los ojos abiertos sin parpadeo durante un tiempo determinado, seguida de la disminución de la misma en una etapa de parpadeo durante 30 segundos. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos para una muestra de 40 individuos, 20 de ellos con Síndrome del ojo seco, se determinó que el comportamiento de la variación de la temperatura ocular entre sujetos sanos y con ojo seco difiere significativamente en lo que respecta a la tasa de disminución de la temperatura de la córnea con cada parpadeo, lo que permite fundamentar la metodología propuesta utilizando la termografía infrarroja como una herramienta de diagnóstico cuantitativa y no invasiva para el estudio de esta enfermedad. ABSTRACTThe dry eye Syndrome affects approximately 40% of the population, if not treated in time can cause health disorders in the visual health of people. This paper presents the basis for the design and implementation of a methodology for the diagnosis of this disease, which is based on the variation of the temperature of the ocular surface of normal subjects compared with patients with dry eye, using the infrared thermography technique. This protocol is based on the temperature change of the cornea after keeping open eyes without flashing for a certain time, followed by the reduction of the same, in a stage of blinking for 30 seconds. According to the results obtained for a sample of 40 individuals, including 20 with dry eye Syndrome, it was determined that the behavior of the variation of eye temperature between normal subjects and with dry eye, differs significantly with respect to the rate of decrease of the temperature of the cornea with each blink, allowing support of the proposed methodology using infrared thermography as a quantitative tool for the noninvasive diagnosis and study of this disease.Keywords: diagnostic, methodology, eye diseases, thermography. IntroducciónLa ceguera o mala visión afecta a millones de personas. Las principales causas de la mala visión son la catarata, degeneración macular y la retinopatía diabética (1,2). El síndrome del ojo seco (SOS) no es una de las principales causas de la discapacidad visual, pero es la más común de las afecciones oculares, y si no se trata a tiempo puede llegar a causar mayores trastornos en la superficie ocular. Aunque el 75% de las personas mayores de 60 años sufren el síndrome del ojo seco, éste también está afectando a la población juvenil, cuando se realizan actividades visuales agotadoras, tales como le...

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Corneal temperature in patients with dry eye evaluated by infrared radiation thermometry.

Cited by 102 publications

References 19 publications

Diagnostic Ability of Conventional Dry Eye Tests and their Correlation with Ocular Surface Temperature

Diagnostic Ability of Conventional Dry Eye Tests and their Correlation with Ocular Surface Temperature

Variability in the Measurement of Corneal Temperature Using a Noncontact Infrared Thermometer

Fundamentos para una metodología de diagnóstico del síndrome del ojo seco basado en la termografía infrarroja

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