Coronary Arteries: Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging with SH L 643A—Experience in 12 Volunteers

Herborn, Christoph U.; Barkhausen, Jörg; Paetsch, Ingo; Hunold, Peter; Mahler, Marianne; Shamsi, Kohkan; Nagel, Eike

doi:10.1148/radiol.2291021033

Cited by 71 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Dendrimers such as polyamidoamine (PAMAM) [1], polyethyleneimine (PEI) [2] and poly(Llysine) (PLL) [3] have been used to facilitate delivery and expression of DNA [4], delivery of drugs and radiotherapeutics [5,6] and for in vitro and in vivo diagnostics [7]. Dendrimers are synthesized by either divergent [8] or convergent [9] approaches, each of which can give rise to linear or branched architectures, thus enabling the size and generation of the dendrimer to be controlled during synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐generation asymmetric dendrimers exhibit minimal toxicity and effectively complex DNA

Shah

Steptoe

Parekh

2011

Journal of Peptide Science

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Conventional dendrimers are spherical symmetrically branched polymers ending with active surface functional groups. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers have been widely studied as gene delivery vectors and have proven effective at delivering DNA to cells in vitro. However, higher generation (G4-G8) PAMAM dendrimers exhibit toxicity due to their high cationic charge density and this has limited their application in vitro and in vivo. Another limitation arises when attempts are made to functionalize spherical dendrimers as targeting moieties cannot be sitespecifically attached. Therefore, we propose that lower generation asymmetric dendrimers, which are likely devoid of toxicity and to which site-specific attachment of targeting ligands can be achieved, would be a viable alternative to currently-available dendrimers. We synthesized and characterized a series of peptide-based asymmetric dendrimers and compared their toxicity profile and ability to condense DNA to spherical PAMAM G1 dendrimers. We show that asymmetric dendrimers are minimally toxic and condense DNA into stable toroids which have been reported necessary for efficient cell transfection. This paves the way for these systems to be conjugated with targeting ligands for gene delivery in vitro and in vivo. Shah et. al 3

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐generation asymmetric dendrimers exhibit minimal toxicity and effectively complex DNA

Shah

Steptoe

Parekh

2011

Journal of Peptide Science

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“…Gadomer®-17 ( Fig. 8), a dendrimer comprising a trimesoyl triamide core and polylysine dendritic branching with terminal payloads of Gd-DTPA [68], is the first dendrimer-based product to be clinically evaluated as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance angiography [69,70]. It has high vascular permeability, and is able to visualize intratumoral vasculature [71] and acute myocardial ischemia [72].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Dendrimer-based magnetic resonance imaging agents for brain cancer

et al. 2018

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Brain cancer is one of the most lethal and difficult-to-treat cancers because of its physical location and biological barriers. The mainstay of brain cancer treatment is surgical resection, which demands precise imaging for tumor localization and delineation. Thanks to advances in bioimaging, brain cancer can be detected earlier and resected more reliably. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most common and preferred method to delineate brain cancer, and a contrast agent is often required to enhance imaging contrast. Dendrimers, a special family of synthetic macromolecules, constitute a particularly appealing platform for constructing MRI contrast agents by virtue of their well-defined three-dimensional structure, tunable nanosize and abundant surface terminals, which allow the accommodation of high payloads and numerous functionalities. Tuning the dendrimer size, branching and surface composition in conjunction with conjugation of MRI functionalities and targeting moieties can alter the relaxivity for MRI, overcome the blood-brain barrier and enhance tumor-specific targeting, hence improving the imaging quality and safety profile for precise and accurate imaging of brain tumors. This short review highlights the recent progress, opportunities and challenges in developing dendrimer-based MRI contrast agents for brain tumor imaging.

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“…Raman et al [29] compared gadofoveset (0.03 mmol/kg), an intravascular contrast agent, to Gd-BOPTA (0.1 mmol/kg), an extracellular agent, for free-breathing 3D coronary MRA and reported that use of the intravascular contrast agent performed as well as, or slightly better than, the extracellular contrast agent at 3 T. Slightly albumin-binding contrast medium combines the benefits of both extracellular and intravascular agents as it remains in the blood for a relatively prolonged time with greater T1 shortening effect while maintaining late enhancement abilities [36,37]. Several studies have agreed on the ability of intravascular or slightly albumin-binding agents to improve arterial contrast on 3D gradient echo coronary MRA, particularly when used with an inversion-recovery pre-pulse [38][39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Contrast Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac MR Assessment of Coronary Arteries

Hamdy

Ishida

Sakuma

2017

Cardiovasc Imaging Asia

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Imaging of coronary arteries with magnetic resonance has undergone undeniable progress during the past two decades. Although coronary computed tomography angiography detects coronary artery disease (CAD) with excellent diagnostic accuracy, the inevitable exposure to ionizing radiation and iodinated contrast administration make it less appealing in certain patient populations. Coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is now performed mostly as a whole heart, free breathing, three-dimensional study. Several factors influence quality and speed of the scan, including use of the appropriate pulse sequence according to the strength of the magnetic field, cardiac and respiratory gating, preparation pulses, multi-channel cardiac coils, parallel imaging, and contrast material injection. The use of coronary MRA is well established in coronary artery anomalies and aneurysms. While diagnostic performance has also improved markedly for the detection of CAD, coronary MRA is not yet a routine clinical study. However, coronary MRA is expected to be play a major role in the near future due to continuous research and technical achievements.

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Coronary Arteries: Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging with SH L 643A—Experience in 12 Volunteers

Abstract: SH L 643A causes significant improvement of the blood-myocardium contrast enhancement at coronary MR angiography compared with that with nonenhanced sequences.

Cited by 71 publications

References 35 publications

Low‐generation asymmetric dendrimers exhibit minimal toxicity and effectively complex DNA

Low‐generation asymmetric dendrimers exhibit minimal toxicity and effectively complex DNA

Dendrimer-based magnetic resonance imaging agents for brain cancer

Cardiac MR Assessment of Coronary Arteries

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