Coronary artery calcification and cognitive function: cross‐sectional results from the ELSA‐Brasil study

Suemoto, Cláudia Kimie; Bittencourt, Márcio; Santos, Itamar S; Lotufo, Paulo A

doi:10.1002/gps.4698

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Three cross-sectional studies 17 , 34 , 35 ) and two longitudinal cohort studies 36 , 37 ) examined the cross-sectional association between CAC and cognitive scores for different cognitive domains. Increasing severity of CAC was associated with worse performance of episodic memory 34 , 36 ) , semantic fluency 36 ) , executive function 17 , 34 – 36 ) , and global cognition 34 , 37 ) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Coronary Artery Calcium and Clinical Coronary Artery Disease with Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Xia

Vonder

Sidorenkov

et al. 2020

JAT

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Aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) and cognitive impairment are common in the elderly, with evidence for shared risk factors and pathophysiological processes. The coronary artery calcium (CAC) score is a marker of subclinical CAD, which may allow early detection of individuals prone to cognitive decline. Prior studies on associations of CAC and clinical CAD with cognitive impairment had discrepant results. This systematic review aims to evaluate the association of (sub)clinical CAD with cognitive function, cognitive decline, and diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science until February 2019, supplemented with citations tracking. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted information including odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs).Results: Forty-six studies, 10 on CAC and 36 on clinical CAD, comprising 1,248,908 participants were included in the systematic review. Studies about associations of (sub)clinical CAD with cognitive function and cognitive decline had heterogeneous methodology and inconsistent findings. Two population-based studies investigated the association between CAC and risk of dementia over 6-12.2 years using different CAC scoring methods. Both found a tendency toward higher risk of dementia as CAC severity increased. Meta-analysis in 15 studies (663,250 individuals) showed an association between CAD and MCI/dementia (pooled OR 1.32, 95%CI 1.17-1.48) with substantial heterogeneity (I 2 87.0%, p 0.001). Pooled HR of CAD for incident MCI/dementia over 3.2-25.5 years in six longitudinal studies (70,060 individuals) was 1.51 (95%CI 1.24-1.85), with low heterogeneity (I 2 14.1%, p 0.32). Sensitivity analysis did not detect any study that was of particular influence on the pooled OR or HR. Conclusions:Limited evidence suggests the CAC score is associated with risk of dementia. In clinical CAD, risk of MCI and dementia is increased by 50%, as supported by stronger evidence.of CAD has declined during the past decades because of improvement in disease management, resulting in an increasing number of CAD patients with a higher life expectancy 1) . These patients, although they survive CAD, may develop other age-related diseases such as dementia in their late life. Mild cognitive impairment

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Coronary Artery Calcium and Clinical Coronary Artery Disease with Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Xia

Vonder

Sidorenkov

et al. 2020

JAT

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“…In light of previous literature, strict invariance model misfit resulting in not equivalent error indicator variances for the model was expected. Although we attempted to adjust for other sociodemographic variables, considering the diversity of the ELSA-Brasil sample, heterogeneity, and some clinical characteristics (e.g., cardiovascular risk factors and diseases) might have contributed to not achieving strict invariance (Kemp, Koenig, et al, 2016; Kemp, López, et al, 2016; Suemoto et al, 2018; Suemoto, Bittencourt, Santos, Benseñor, & Lotufo, 2017). We decided not to control for all possible causes to avoid potential misinterpretations when multiple cofounders are considered, which may lead to a lack of reproducibility in the present findings (Westreich & Greenland, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement invariance of neuropsychological tests across different sociodemographic backgrounds in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Bertola

Barreto²,

Moreno³

et al. 2020

Neuropsychology

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Objectives: Neuropsychological tests are often used in aging studies to compare distinct groups regarding diagnosis and prognosis. Because sociodemographic characteristics can influence cognitive scores, measurement of invariance is useful to assess the tests' ability to estimate the underlying constructs equally across groups and thus prevent biased interpretation. This study aims to verify measurement invariance in a large and socioculturally diverse sample. Method: Middle-aged and older adults (N ϭ 13,395) from the ELSA-Brasil study were evaluated regarding health status and cognition. Mean age was 51.5 Ϯ 8.9 years, 54% were female, 52% were white, and 10% had lower education. Measurement invariance was analyzed using multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis for a two-factor model (memory and executive function). Configural, metric, and scalar invariance were tested across age, sex, race, and education groups. Results: The 2-factor model had a good fit to the entire dataset and for each group. Configural, metric, and scalar invariance confirmed that cognitive measures had the same structure and the items had similar relationships with the latent factors. Strict invariance was not achieved in most group comparison. Conclusions: The 2-factor model was appropriate for estimating cognitive performance in participants without measurement error by age, sex, race, and education. These results suggest that differences in cognitive outcomes are likely to indicate true differences.

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“…However, the association between CAC and dementia is controversial, some researchers support the idea that the risk of dementia is associated with the CAC score (Kuller et al, 2016;Fujiyoshi et al, 2017), while some are negative (Lee et al, 2016). A cross-section study conducted by Suemoto et al suggested that higher CAC is faintly correlated with inferior executive function (Suemoto et al, 2017). The differences among the various experimental results should be noted.…”

Section: As Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherosclerosis: The Culprit and Co-victim of Vascular Dementia

2021

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Vascular dementia (VD), a cerebrovascular disease which causes cognitive impairment, is one of the significant factors that affects the quality of senectitude. Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory syndrome and closely associated with VD. Analyzing the role of AS in VD contribute greatly to its early detection and prevention, but their relationship has not been integrated into a complete network. This review summarizes AS biomarkers as VD predictors for the first time and describes the direct mechanisms of AS causing VD from five aspects: vascular morphogenesis, hemodynamic change, neurovascular unit damage (NVU), oxidative stress, and microRNA (miRNA). Finally, it discriminates the relationship between AS and VD in common risk factors which can be disease or some molecules. In particular, these data imply that the role of AS in VD is not only a pathogenic factor but also a comorbidity in VD. This review aims to bring new ideas for the prediction and treatment of VD.

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Coronary artery calcification and cognitive function: cross‐sectional results from the ELSA‐Brasil study

Abstract: Higher CAC was weakly associated with poorer performance in an executive function test in a large sample from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Cited by 10 publications

References 43 publications

The Relationship of Coronary Artery Calcium and Clinical Coronary Artery Disease with Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Relationship of Coronary Artery Calcium and Clinical Coronary Artery Disease with Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Measurement invariance of neuropsychological tests across different sociodemographic backgrounds in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Atherosclerosis: The Culprit and Co-victim of Vascular Dementia

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