Coronary Atherosclerosis in Masters Athletes: Mechanisms and Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Fernández, Antonio B.; Chaudhry, Waseem; Thompson, Paul D.

doi:10.1007/s11936-019-0798-0

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This study shows that type 2 diabetes, smoking history, and peripheral blood circRNAs are risk factors for MACE in ACS patients. The reasons may be as follows: (I) for type 2 diabetes, abnormal glucose fluctuation induces oxidative stress in ROS-induced cells, triggering a cascade of inflammatory reactions, aggravating the degree of damage to vascular endothelial cells, and promoting the progression of atherosclerosis (16). Hyperglycemia also affects cardiomyocyte repair and ventricular remodeling, increasing the incidence of MACE (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic value of peripheral blood circular RNAs in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Chen¹,

Zhao²,

Xie³

2022

J Thorac Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a clinical emergency. Although its prognosis has been significantly improved, some patients will have major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in the short term. We aimed to analyze the prognostic value of circRNAs in patients with ACS.Methods: This diagnostic accuracy study enrolled a total of 100 patients with ACS from January 2019 to January 2021. All patients were followed up for 30 days. The expression of circRNAs in peripheral blood was determined using real-time fluorescence quantification PCR (qRT-PCR). 30 patients with MACE were divided into the observation group and 70 patients without MACE were divided into the control group. The general data and the detection results of circRNAs of the two groups were compared, and the influencing factors of MACE in ACS patients were analyzed by logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated, and the predictive value of peripheral blood circRNAs for MACE in patients with ACS was evaluated. Results:The age, sex, hypertension, dyslipidemia, location of coronary artery disease, left ventricular ejection fraction, and Killip grade were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). Type 2 diabetes and smoking history in the observation group were also comparable between the two groups (P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that type 2 diabetes mellitus [odd ratio (OR) 1.314, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.052-1.437, P=0.002], smoking history (OR 1.227, 95% CI: 1.014-1.385, P=0.001), and the up-regulation of circRNAs in peripheral blood (OR 1.312, 95% CI: 1.028-1.452, P=0.002) were risk factors for MACE in ACS patients. The results of the ROC curve showed that peripheral blood circRNAs could be used as a predictor of MACE in patients with ACS. The best cut-off value was 96.44 ng/µL, the diagnostic sensitivity was 75.71%, the specificity was 100%, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.931 (95% CI: 0.884-0.977, P<0.001).Conclusions: Peripheral blood circRNAs are up-regulated about 3 fold in the peripheral blood of patients with ACS. Abnormal expression is an independent risk factor affecting MACE. Peripheral blood circRNAs can assist in clinical decision-making processes in patients with ACS.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic value of peripheral blood circular RNAs in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Chen¹,

Zhao²,

Xie³

2022

J Thorac Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In master athletes the stiffness of arteries was less and endothelial function better than in age-matched non-athletes [101,102]. There is, nevertheless, an ongoing debate as to whether high levels of physical activity and endurance training can promote atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease [103], because a higher prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques was found in male endurance athletes, but not female athletes, compared with sedentary non-athletes [104,105]. On the other hand, other studies have reported fewer plaques in female athletes [106].…”

Section: Blood Vesselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Insights in the Age-related Decline in Sports Performance of the Older Athlete

Ganse

Degens

2021

Int J Sports Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The higher performance level of master athletes compared to non-athletes is often associated with better health throughout life. However, even the physical performance of master athletes declines with age, and this decline accelerates from about the age of 70 years onwards. A progressive loss of muscle mass, declines in force- and power-generating capacity, decreased flexibility, and the concomitant decline in specific tension characterize the muscular changes underlying performance declines. In the cardiovascular system, declines in stroke volume and cardiac output, and cardiac and vascular stiffness contribute to decreasing performance. Recent studies have shown that long-term endurance exercise in master athletes does not only have positive effects, but is associated with an increased incidence of atrial fibrillation, atherosclerotic plaques, and aortic dilation, and even more so in men than in women. Recently, larger longitudinal datasets were analysed and showed that the age-related decline in performance was similar in longitudinal and cross-sectional data. In conclusion, regular physical activity enhances the exercise capacity, and hence quality of life in old age, but it is not without risks.

show abstract

“…Exercise, although of course widely accepted to carry significant health advantages, can transiently increase circulating oxLDL ( 7 ), and high levels of physical activity may counterintuitively contribute to atherogenesis in the presence of adequate substrate ( 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Placebo-Controlled Effect of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Exercise Induced Changes in Anti-Malondialdehyde-LDL Antibody Levels in Stable Coronary Artery Disease: A Substudy of the ORBITA Trial

Hartley

Shun-Shin

Caga-Anan

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: Malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) forms a significant component of oxidised LDL. The effects of exercise on levels of MDA-LDL and anti-MDA-LDL antibodies are not well-understood. Furthermore, it is not known whether these can be modified in patients with coronary artery disease by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: The Objective Randomised Blinded Investigation with optimal medical Therapy of Angioplasty in stable angina (ORBITA) trial was the first blinded, multi-centre randomised trial of PCI vs. placebo procedure for angina relief. Serum samples were available at four time-points: pre-randomisation pre- (P1) and post- (P2) exercise and post-randomisation (6-weeks following the PCI or placebo procedure), pre- (P3) and post- (P4) exercise. ELISAs were performed using laboratory-developed assays for MDA-LDL (adjusted for Apolipoprotein B) and anti-MDA-LDL antibodies.Results: One hundred ninety-six of the 200 patients (age 66.1 [SD 8.99] years, 28% female) with severe single vessel coronary artery disease suitable for PCI enrolled in the ORBITA trial had blood available for analysis. With exercise at pre-randomisation (P2–P1) there was no significant change in adjusted MDA-LDL (−0.001, 95% CI −0.004 to 0.001; p = 0.287); however, IgG and IgM anti-MDA-LDL significantly declined (−0.022, 95% CI −0.029 to −0.014, p < 0.0001; −0.016, 95% CI −0.024 to −0.008, p = 0.0002, respectively). PCI did not have a significant impact on either the pre-exercise values (P3 controlling for P1) of MDA-LDL (p = 0.102), IgG (p = 0.444) or IgM anti-MDA-LDL (p = 0.909). Nor did PCI impact the exercise induced changes in these markers (P4 controlling for P1, P2, and P3) for MDA-LDL (p = 0.605), IgG (p = 0.725) or IgM anti-MDA-LDL (p = 0.171). Pre-randomisation ischaemia on stress echo did not impact these interactions.Conclusions: Exercise results in an acute reduction in anti-oxLDL antibodies in patients with severe single vessel coronary disease, possibly indicating an induction in homoeostatic clearance via the innate immune system. However, PCI did not ameliorate this effect.

show abstract

Coronary Atherosclerosis in Masters Athletes: Mechanisms and Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

Prognostic value of peripheral blood circular RNAs in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Prognostic value of peripheral blood circular RNAs in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Current Insights in the Age-related Decline in Sports Performance of the Older Athlete

The Placebo-Controlled Effect of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Exercise Induced Changes in Anti-Malondialdehyde-LDL Antibody Levels in Stable Coronary Artery Disease: A Substudy of the ORBITA Trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About