Coronary Atherosclerosis Is Associated With Macrophage Polarization in Epicardial Adipose Tissue

Hirata, Yoichiro; Tabata, Minoru; Kurobe, Hirotsugu; Motoki, Tatsuo; Akiyama, Masashi; Nishio, Chika; Higashida, Mayuko; Mikasa, Hiroaki; Nakaya, Yutaka; Takanashi, Shuichiro; Igarashi, Takashi; Kitagawa, Tetsuya; Sata, Masataka

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.01.048

Cited by 359 publications

(300 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This finding is justified according to the common embryogenesis pathway; that is, epicardial fat and intra-abdominal fat seem to be originally brown adipose tissue in infancy. This adipose depot is now recognized as a source of variable bioactive molecules, such as adiponectin (Iacobellis et al 2005b), tumor necrosis factoralfa, monocyte chemotactic factor-1, interleukine-1 beta, interleukine-6 (Mazurek et al 2003) and inflammatory cytokines which might affect coronary artery (Hirata et al 2011a(Hirata et al , 2011b. In fact, some epicardial fat-related cytokines, such as adiponectin, resistin, and free fatty acids, have been linked to hypertension, coronary artery disease, endothelial dysfunction, and sympathetic over activity (Bruun et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness Is Correlated with Ascending Aortic Diameter

Çanğa

Kocaman

Çetin

et al. 2012

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), localized beneath the visceral pericardium, is a metabolically active endocrine and paracrine organ with possible interactions within the heart. Recent studies identified possible roles of uric acid (UA)-induced oxidative stress and increased inflammatory status in the pathogenesis of ascending aortic dilatation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether EAT is an independent factor for ascending aortic dilatation. The patients were evaluated by a complete transthoracic echocardiographic examination including measurements of EAT and aortic dimensions. Serum levels of UA and C-reactive protein and EAT thicknesses were compared in 38 patients with dilated ascending aorta (DAA) (the diameter ≥ 37 mm) vs. 107 subjects with normal aortic diameter (AD) of < 37 mm. EAT thickness was significantly higher in DAA group compared to normal AD group (8.3 ± 2.7 vs. 5.4 ± 2.2 mm, p < 0.001) as well as age (53 ± 10 vs. 48 ± 9 years, p = 0.004), the presence of hypertension (54% vs. 30%, p = 0.009) and UA levels (6.0 ± 1.4 vs. 5.2 ± 1.1 mg/dL, p < 0.001). There was a strong correlation between EAT thickness and ascending aortic diameter (r = 0.521, p < 0.001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, EAT thickness (OR: 1.429, p = 0.006), body mass index (OR: 1.169, p = 0.014) and UA levels (OR: 1.727, p = 0.023) were independently correlated to ascending aortic dilatation. We therefore propose that increased EAT thickness is an independent predictor of ascending aortic dilation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness Is Correlated with Ascending Aortic Diameter

Çanğa

Kocaman

Çetin

et al. 2012

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…25 Epicardial fat tissue is now recognized as a source of variable bioactive molecules 5,25 which might affect the coronary artery. 26,27 Our study results revealed that AS patients had increased EFT when compared to the healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Increased Epicardial Fat Tissue Is a Marker of Subclinic Atherosclerosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis

et al. 2014

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“…8,50 In addition, epicardial fat obtained from patients with CAD has been shown to exhibit a pro-inflammatory polarization of M1/M2 macrophages. 51 A potential role of nuclear factor-κB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways in the enhancement of inflammation observed in epicardial fat under CAD conditions has also been proposed. 2 In addition, higher oxidative stress levels, including reactive oxygen species production and higher levels of enzymes involved in regulating oxidative stress such as catalase and glutathione S-transferase P, have been reported in epicardial fat relative to subcutaneous fat in patients with CAD.…”

Section: Mechanisms Underlying the Pathophysiological Association Betmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogenic potential and physiological relevance of human epicardial adipose tissue

Chechi

Richard

2015

Int J Obes Supp

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Epicardial adipose tissue is a unique fat depot around the heart that shares a close anatomic proximity and vascular supply with the myocardium and coronary arteries. Its accumulation around the heart, measured using various imaging modalities, has been associated with the onset and progression of coronary artery disease in humans. Epicardial adipose tissue is also the only fat depot around the heart that is known to express uncoupling protein 1 at both mRNA and protein levels in the detectable range. Recent advances have further indicated that human epicardial fat exhibits beige fat-like features. Here we provide an overview of the physiological and pathophysiological relevance of human epicardial fat, and further discuss whether its thermogenic properties can serve as a target for the therapeutic management of coronary heart disease in humans.

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Coronary Atherosclerosis Is Associated With Macrophage Polarization in Epicardial Adipose Tissue

Abstract: The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages in epicardial adipose tissue of CAD patients is changed compared with that in non-CAD patients. Human coronary atherosclerosis is associated with macrophage polarization in epicardial adipose tissue.

Cited by 359 publications

References 28 publications

Increased Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness Is Correlated with Ascending Aortic Diameter

Increased Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness Is Correlated with Ascending Aortic Diameter

Increased Epicardial Fat Tissue Is a Marker of Subclinic Atherosclerosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis

Thermogenic potential and physiological relevance of human epicardial adipose tissue

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