“…Large diameter hemispheric PMTs have been used extensively in many recent neutrino experiments including Superkamiokande [1], Kamland [2], SNO [3], MiniBoone [4], Icecube [5], and Chooz [6]. Ongoing experiments at Double-Chooz [7], DayaBay [8], and Reno [9], all aiming at precision measurements of the yet unknown neutrino mixing angle θ 13 using neutrinos from nuclear reactors, also utilize 8-inch or 10-inch diameter hemispheric PMTs for neutrino detection.…”