Coronavirus leader‐RNA‐primed transcription: An alternative mechanism to RNA splicing

Lai, Michael M. C.

doi:10.1002/bies.950050606

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…They form, together with the full-length genome RNA, a 3' coterminal nested set, a distinctive feature of coronaviridae. The synthesis of these molecules has been demonstrated to occur through a discontinuous transcription process, in which a short leader sequence ( ~ 70 bases) is joined to the body of each RNA (review: Lai, 1986). The nucleotide composition of the leader sequence remains to be determined in the case of TGEV.…”

Section: Gene Expression Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular biology of transmissible gastroenteritis virus

Laude

Rasschaert

Delmas

et al. 1990

Veterinary Microbiology

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The causative agent (TGEV) of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis belongs to the Coronaviridae, a family of enveloped viruses with a positive, single-stranded RNA genome. Important progress has recently been made concerning the molecular biology of TGEV. The research work of our group has been focused on two main aspects: genome structure and functional domains of the envelope proteins. TGEV genomic RNA is organised into seven regions. The sequence of six of them, i.e. the 3' most 8300 nucleotides, has been established from cDNA clones. Three genes encoding the structural proteins, the peplomer protein E2, the transmembrane protein E1 and the nucleoprotein, have been identified. Additional open reading frames allowed for the prediction of four non-structural polypeptides, the role of which remains to be discovered. The remaining part of the genome (estimated length 20 kb) is thought to encode the polymerase. Expression of TGEV genes involves the production of six subgenomic mRNAs, which together with the virion RNA, form a 3' terminal nested set. The peplomer glycoprotein E2 (220 kDa) is 1431 residues long and highly glycosylated. Several domains were identified, including a C-terminal anchoring region and at least four major antigenic sites, which cluster in the amino half part of the molecule. Two sites containing most of the critical neutralisation determinants are highly conserved among TGEV strains. The glycoprotein E1 (29kDa) is mostly embedded in the membrane and plays a crucial role in the virion architecture. However, a short N-terminal domain protruding out of the particle mediates complement-dependent neutralisation, and induces alpha interferon synthesis, likely through a direct interaction with the lymphocyte membrane.

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Section: Gene Expression Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular biology of transmissible gastroenteritis virus

Laude

Rasschaert

Delmas

et al. 1990

Veterinary Microbiology

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“…In addition, reviews have appeared which highlighted particularly interesting characteristics of the family, e.g. the replication strategy (Lai, 1986) and the glycoproteins . As the last general accounts were published some 5 years ago Sturman & Holmes, 1983) an update is timely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronaviruses: Structure and Genome Expression

Spaan

Cavanagh²,

Horzinek

1988

Journal of General Virology

504

485

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“…As several members of this virus group are known to cause economically important diseases, much effort was put into research during the last years. Special reviews cover the replication strategy of coronaviruses [2], their glycoproteins [3] and their structure and genome expression [4]. The recent detection of previously unknown coronaviruses or mutants, like the "Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea"-virus (PEDV) and the TGE-like "Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus" (PRCV) on one hand and new knowledge about pathogenetic mechanisms, for example in FIPV-infections, on the other hand are the basis for this review article.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%