Coronaviruses

Al‐Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Zumla, Alimuddin; Memish, Ziad A.

doi:10.1097/qco.0000000000000089

Cited by 76 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…It is also important to have early diagnostic tests based on respiratory specimens, preferably lower respiratory tract specimen for rapid diagnosis [85]. The implications of MERS-CoV for travelers with comparison with SARS-CoV were recently reviewed [21,86]. The origin of SARS-COV and MERS-CoV is an animal source with subsequent human transmission [21,86].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The implications of MERS-CoV for travelers with comparison with SARS-CoV were recently reviewed [21,86]. The origin of SARS-COV and MERS-CoV is an animal source with subsequent human transmission [21,86]. Although SARS resulted in a widespread infection, MERS-CoV has caused limited travel-associated human cases with no major events related to the Hajj [86].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although SARS resulted in a widespread infection, MERS-CoV has caused limited travel-associated human cases with no major events related to the Hajj [86]. In regard to their clinical presentation, both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have significant overlap of signs and symptoms [21]. Further studies are needed to identify the presence of other animal reservoirs for MERS-CoV and to pinpoint the risk for the development of severe disease (Box 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the reported cases seemed to originate in the community with nonsustained human-to-human transmission and subsequent amplification of cases in the healthcare setting. This is more evident with the current increase in the number of cases in the Jeddah region, where there was also amplification in the healthcare setting for these cases [21] (http://www.moh.gov.sa/en/CoronaNew/PressReleases/Pages/default.aspx). Thus, immediate isolation of these MERS-CoV cases in the healthcare setting would prevent subsequent transmission of the virus.…”

Section: Interhuman Transmission Of Mers-cov and Genetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: transmission and phylogenetic evolution

Al‐Tawfiq

Memish

2014

Trends in Microbiology

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The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first described in 2012 and, subsequently, many cases were reported with a lower case fatality rate than initial cases. Humans can become infected within their communities and transmission can then be amplified in the healthcare setting. Contact investigation among cases shows a variable amount of spread among family members and healthcare workers. So far, circulating virus strains remain similar under continuous monitoring, with no genetic changes. Here, we discuss the transmission pattern, phylogenetic evolution, and pathogenesis of MERS-CoV infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interhuman Transmission Of Mers-cov and Genetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: transmission and phylogenetic evolution

Al‐Tawfiq

Memish

2014

Trends in Microbiology

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“…The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a lethal zoonosis caused by MERS coronavirus (CoV) [1,2]. MERS-CoV infection in humans causes asymptomatic or mild respiratory illness, severe pneumonia, multiorgan failure, and even death [3][4][5]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), as of May 9, 2019, there were 2,419 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS and 836 deaths (35% of case-fatality rate) reported from 27 countries (https://www.who.int/csr/don/09-may-2019-mers-saudiarabia/en/).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel luciferase immunosorbent assay performs better than a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect MERS-CoV specific IgG in humans and animals

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Deng³

et al. 2019

Biosafety and Health

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The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a lethal zoonosis caused by MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and poses a significant threat to public health worldwide. Therefore, a rapid, sensitive, and specific serologic test for detecting anti-MERS-CoV antibodies in both humans and animals is urgently needed for the successful management of this illness. Here, we evaluated various novel luciferase immunosorbent assays (LISA) based on nucleocapsid protein (NP) as well as fragments derived from spike protein (S) including subunit 1 (S1), N terminal domain (NTD), receptorbinding domain (RBD) and subunit 2 (S2) of S for the detection of MERS-CoV-specific IgG. Fusion proteins, including nanoluciferase (NLuc) and various fragments derived from the NP or S protein of MERS-CoV, were expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 T cells. LISAs that detected anti-MERS-CoV IgG were further developed using cell lysates expressing various fusion proteins. Panels of human or animal samples infected with MERS-CoV were used to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of various LISAs in reference to a MERS-CoV RT-PCR, commercial S1-based ELISA, and pseudovirus particle neutralization test (ppNT). Our results showed that the S1-, RBD-, and NP-LISAs were more sensitive than the NTD-and S2-LISAs for the detection of anti-MERS-CoV IgG. Furthermore, the S1-, RBD-, and NP-LISAs were more sensitive (by at least 16-fold) than the commercially available S1-ELISA. Moreover, the S1-, RBD-, and NP-LISA specifically recognized anti-MERS-CoV IgG and did not cross-react with samples derived from other human CoV (OC43, 229E, HKU1, NL63)-infected patients. More importantly, these LISAs proved their applicability and reliability for detecting anti-MERS-CoV IgG in samples from camels, monkeys, and mice, among which the RBD-LISA exhibited excellent performance. The results of this study suggest that the novel MERS-CoV RBD-and S1-LISAs are highly effective platforms for the rapid and sensitive detection of anti-MERS-CoV IgG in human and animal samples. These assays have the potential to be used as serologic tests for the management and control of MERS-CoV infection.

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RNA viruses (excluding hepatitis viruses, arthropod‐borne viruses, and bat and rodent excreta viruses)

2015

Practical Medical Microbiology for Clinicians

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Coronaviruses

Cited by 76 publications

References 67 publications

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: transmission and phylogenetic evolution

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: transmission and phylogenetic evolution

A novel luciferase immunosorbent assay performs better than a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect MERS-CoV specific IgG in humans and animals

RNA viruses (excluding hepatitis viruses, arthropod‐borne viruses, and bat and rodent excreta viruses)

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