“…There have been a number of methodological frameworks developed as well as empirical examinations on IC. A number of studies have examined the effect of IC on firm performance (Firer & Williams, 2003;Goh, 2005;Kamath, 2007;Riahi-Belkaoui, 2003), corporate governance (Abeysekera, 2010;Al-Musalli & Ismail, 2012;Alizadeh, Chashmi, & Bahnamiri, 2014;Keenan & Aggestam, 2001;Li, Pike, & Haniffa, 2008;Makki & Lodhi, 2014), corporate social responsibility (Aras, Aybars, & Kutlu, 2011;Musibah & Alfa, 2013) and market value (Chen, Cheng, & Hwang, 2005;Maditinos, Chatzoudes, Tsairidis, & Theriou, 2011;Nimtrakoon, 2015;Sharma, 2018) among others. In spite of the increasing research into these relationships, there is little evidence on the determinants of IC.…”