Corporate vs Community Head to Head: The Complexity of Land Tenure Conflict in Indonesia

Abstract

At the end of 2018, residents replanted the land with thousands of banana trunks. In January 2019, Pakel residents were reported by P.T. Bumi Sari; the police summoned 11 residents. In 2020, residents established a command post and planted it for six months. However, in 2020 PT BUMI SARI said it had pocketed the latest Right to Cultivate, which entered some of the villages included in their Right to Cultivate (HGU.). However, a copy document is not owned by the head of the town and residents in Pakel village. This research is a field research or empirical legal research. This research is intended to analyze about the reclaiming reclaiming carried out by the Pakel community, whether it is justified. Futhermore, this research also analyze whether PT Bumi Sari's control of land in Pakel village is against the law. This research concluded that reclaiming by Pakel residents is the right of Pakel residents as with the purpose of the formation of the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA), which is to bring prosperity, happiness, and justice to the State and the people, especially to the peasants. Right to Cultivate of PT Bumi Sari does not comply with the laws and regulations stipulated in the UUPA. and Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 40 of 1996 concerning Cultivation Rights, Building Use Rights, and Land Rights.

Unveiling the Complexities of Land Use Transition in Indonesia’s New Capital City IKN Nusantara: A Multidimensional Conflict Analysis

“…The situation is further complicated by conflicts between local communities, businesses, and government bodies, necessitating multifaceted strategies to navigate land governance challenges. Hariri et al [101] study in Pakel Village illustrates the tension between historical community land rights and corporate ambitions, highlighting the need for legal systems that protect communal lands, promote transparent land use, and balance economic, social, and environmental interests. The negative impacts of displacing communities, such as income loss, poverty, and environmental harm, stress the importance of holistic urban planning and policies prioritizing vulnerable groups' wellbeing, ecological preservation, and sustainable growth.…”

Unveiling the Complexities of Land Use Transformation in Indonesia's New Capital City IKN Nusantara: A Multidimensional Conflict Analysis

“…The situation is further complicated by conflicts between local communities, businesses, and government bodies, necessitating multifaceted strategies to navigate land governance challenges. Hariri et al (2022) study in Pakel Village illustrates the tension between historical community land rights and corporate ambitions, highlighting the need for legal systems that protect communal lands, promote transparent land use, and balance economic, social, and environmental interests. The negative impacts of displacing communities, such as income loss, poverty, and environmental harm, stress the importance of holistic urban planning and policies prioritizing vulnerable groups' well-being, ecological preservation, and sustainable growth.…”

Perlindungan hak kepemilikan tanah masyarakat desa Pakel: penelusuran legal standing akta 1929 dalam sengketa tanah dengan PT. Bumi Sari

“…Secara hukum 800 KK warga masyarakat Desa Pakel memiliki kedudukan hukum (legal standing) untuk kembali mengajukan permohonan pendaftaran hak, Hal ini bisa dilakukan karena berdasarkan akta tahun 1929 masyarakat merupakan pihak yang diberikan izin untuk mengusahakan tanah tersebut. Selanjutnya, Langkah hukum yang bisa diusahakan oleh masyarakat berupa gugatan TUN dan gugatan Perdata terhadap konsesi HGU Perusahaan, dan hal ini merupakan langkah hukum yang bisa dilakukan oleh masyarakat guna memperjuangkan haknya atas tanah yang telah mereka usahakan selama lebih kurang 1 abad terhitung sejak tahun 1929 (Hariri et al, 2022). Pihak yang berhak berperkara di pengadilan harus mempunyai kepentingan hukum perihal kepemilikan dan kerugian yang dialami langsung oleh penggugat (injury in fact) sebagaimana terdapat dalam Hukum Acara Perdata.…”