Corpus callosotomy in children and the disconnection syndromes: a review

Jea, Andrew; Vachhrajani, Shobhan; Widjaja, Elysa; Nilsson, Daniel; Raybaud, Charles; Shroff, Manohar; Rutka, James T.

doi:10.1007/s00381-008-0626-4

Cited by 111 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Therefore, studying this brain malformation has been a challenge as the heterogeneity is inherent to this clinical population. In contrast to splitbrain patients (acquired destruction of the CC), individuals with AgCC show very little, if any, evidence of interhemispheric disconnection, and do not present with the typical disconnection deficits (Jea et al, 2008;Lassonde and Jeeves, 1994;Siffredi et al, 2013;Vuilleumier, 2001). This suggests that brain organisation and functions are capable of major plasticity, and determine long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes (Anderson et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of working memory in children and adolescents with agenesis of the corpus callosum: An fMRI study

et al. 2017

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A B S T R A C TThe ability to temporarily maintain relevant information in mind in the presence of interference or distracting information, also called working memory (WM), is critical for higher cognitive functions and cognitive development. In typically developing (TD) children, WM is underpinned by a fronto-parietal network of interacting left and right brain regions. Developmental absence (agenesis) of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is a congenital brain malformation resulting from disruption of corpus callosum formation. This study aims to investigate functional organisation of WM in children and adolescents with AgCC using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Nine children with AgCC and a comparison group of sixteen TD children aged 8-17 years completed an fMRI WM paradigm designed to enable investigation of different WM processes, i.e., encoding, maintenance and retrieval. We found that AgCC children recruited globally similar brain regions as the TD comparison group during the WM task, despite significant disparity in brain development, i.e., bilateral occipitofrontal activations during verbal encoding, and bilateral fronto-parietal executive control network during retrieval. However, compared to their TD peers, children with AgCC seemed less able to engage lateralised brain systems specialised for particular memory material (i.e. less supramarginal activations for verbal material and less fusiform activations for face processing) and particular memory process (i.e. absence of right-predominant activations during retrieval). Group differences in the pattern of activation might also reflect different cognitive strategies to cope with competition in processing resources with different susceptibility to concurrent tasks (verbal vs visual), such as differential recruitment of associative visual areas and executive prefrontal regions in the AgCC compared with the TD group depending on the concurrent task completed during maintenance. This study provides a first step towards a better understanding of functional brain networks underlying higher cognitive functions in children with AgCC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of working memory in children and adolescents with agenesis of the corpus callosum: An fMRI study

et al. 2017

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“…Both patients described here had resolution of their neurological findings while neuropsychological testing revealed persistent sensorimotor and ideomotor apraxia [24,52]. The profile was distinct from what one would expect in the case of compromise of corpuscallosum function [8,27,30,43,47,[53][54][55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Bilateral supplementary motor area syndrome causing akinetic mutism following parasagittal meningioma resection

Heiferman¹,

Ackerman²,

Hayward³

et al. 2014

Neurosci Discov

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The supplementary motor area (SMA-proper) is important for the programming and execution of motor, speech, and other elaborative functions. Unilateral SMA syndrome is well described. We present two patients who underwent resection of a large parasagittal meningioma in proximity to the SMA-proper in both hemispheres. Following surgery, these patients developed akinetic mutism; the maximal clinical deficit was not immediately evident, but manifested at 48 hours and 1 week respectively. Both patients showed complete recovery of neurological function but the process was slow. Initial return to near normal function was noted at approximately 3 months with a specific pattern; return of strength was first noted in the upper extremities followed by the lower extremities and speech and cognitive function was the last to recover. The unique occurrence of akinetic mutism secondary to bilateral SMA involvement by parasagittal meningiomas of the posterior frontal region is rare. We discuss the clinical and neuropsychological outcomes in these patients along with an analysis of the possible underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of this unique phenomenon.

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“…The isthmus usually appears as a mild focal narrowing found where the fornix joins the corpus callosum Hofer & Frahm, 2006) which contains, connecting fibers of motor, somatosensory and primary auditory areas (Aralasmak et al, 2006;Raybaud, 2010;Aboitiz & Montiel, 2003;Aboitiz et al, 1992;Buklina, 2005;Fabri et al, 2005). The upper surface of the corpus callosum is lined with the indusium griseum (gray velum) (Jea, 2008). The rostrum of the corpus callosum extends anteriorly from the anterior commissure to the posterior inferior aspect of the genu and commonly assumed to be the last callosal segment to develop ( Kier et al, 1997); its fibers are likely to connect the frontobasal cortex Hofer & Frahm, 2006).…”

Section: Anatomy Of the Corpus Callosummentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Commissural Anomalies

Yousefi¹

2012

When Things Go Wrong - Diseases and Disorders of the Human Brain

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Corpus callosotomy in children and the disconnection syndromes: a review

Cited by 111 publications

References 38 publications

Neural correlates of working memory in children and adolescents with agenesis of the corpus callosum: An fMRI study

Neural correlates of working memory in children and adolescents with agenesis of the corpus callosum: An fMRI study

Bilateral supplementary motor area syndrome causing akinetic mutism following parasagittal meningioma resection

Brain Commissural Anomalies

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