Speaking about voluntarism in American religion is not exactly a novel activity these days. Especially since Warner's (1993) pioneering article, it has become common to point to the voluntaristic character of religion in the US as a key to understanding its principles of organization. Before these most recent debates, many observers had seen that matter differently, pointing to voluntarism as the key to understanding religion's current woes. Organized religion suffers, these commentators lament, because too many people are doing too much choosing, moving in and out of religious affiliation and from one group to another, seemingly willy nilly (e.g., Marler and Roozen 1993). Warner and others, however, argued that it is precisely this ability to choose that has kept religious organizations so remarkably healthy in this country, especially as compared to similar bodies in Europe. 1 It has made them responsive to the demands of consumers, created space for innovation, and weeded out the organizational deadwood.