Correction: Bärfuss et al. New Setup of the UAS ALADINA for Measuring Boundary Layer Properties, Atmospheric Particles and Solar Radiation. Atmosphere, 2018, 9, 28

Bärfuss, Konrad; Pätzold, Falk; Altstädter, Barbara; Kathe, Endres; Nowak, Stefan; Bretschneider, Lutz; Bestmann, Ulf; Lampert, Astrid

doi:10.3390/atmos9080306

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…However, the direct observations of surface fluxes at similar scales to remote-sensing or process-based models are lacking, which restricts the study and development of simulations of regional and global surface fluxes [ 10 ]. Therefore, the regional-scale observation is considered the missing scale in the study of global surface flux [ 3 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the advances in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, as well as micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), global positioning system (GPS), and batteries, have enabled the UAV to carry smaller, faster and more energy-efficient observation instruments for ecosystem studies [ 12 , 24 ]. Compared to manned aircraft, unmanned and automatically operating aircrafts have minimal logistical requirements (e.g., no airport is necessary), and are more flexible, cheaper to operate and maintain, and are less disturbance to turbulence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They include vehicles with a take-off weight of more than 10 kg and an endurance of more than 2 h, and they have a similar observation ability to lightweight manned aircrafts. At present, the large UAVs that are capable of turbulent flux measurements include UMARS2, Manta, ScanEagle, and Application of Lightweight Aircraft for Detecting IN situ Aerosol (ALADINA) [ 12 , 42 ]. The Manta (27.7 kg takeoff weight) and ScanEagle (22 kg takeoff weight) were developed for direct flux measurements of momentum and of sensible and latent heat fluxes within the terrestrial and marine atmospheric boundary layers [ 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A UAV-Based Eddy Covariance System for Measurement of Mass and Energy Exchange of the Ecosystem: Preliminary Results

Sun

Sude

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Airborne eddy covariance (EC) measurement is one of the most effective methods to directly measure the surface mass and energy fluxes at the regional scale. It offers the possibility to bridge the scale gap between local- and global-scale measurements by ground-based sites and remote-sensing instrumentations, and to validate the surface fluxes estimated by satellite products or process-based models. In this study, we developed an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based EC system that can be operated to measure the turbulent fluxes in carbon dioxides, momentum, latent and sensible heat, as well as net radiation and photosynthetically active radiation. Flight tests of the developed UAV-based EC system over land were conducted in October 2020 in Inner Mongolia, China. The in-flight calibration was firstly conducted to correct the mounting error. Then, three flight comparison tests were performed, and we compared the measurement with those from a ground tower. The results, along with power spectral comparison and consideration of the differing measurement strategies indicate that the system can resolve the turbulent fluxes in the encountered measurement condition. Lastly, the challenges of the UAV-based EC method were discussed, and potential improvements with further development were explored. The results of this paper reveal the considerable potential of the UAV-based EC method for land surface process studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A UAV-Based Eddy Covariance System for Measurement of Mass and Energy Exchange of the Ecosystem: Preliminary Results

Sun

Sude

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…More information on the airplane itself can be found in Altstädter et al (2015). The instrumentation was updated for DACCIWA and the set-up is provided in Bärfuss et al (2018). All UAS data derived during DACCIWA are available from Bärfuss et al (2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

The vertical variability of black carbon observed in the atmospheric boundary layer during DACCIWA

et al. 2020

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Abstract. This study underlines the important role of the transported black carbon (BC) mass concentration in the West African monsoon (WAM) area. BC was measured with a micro-aethalometer integrated in the payload bay of the unmanned research aircraft ALADINA (Application of Light-weight Aircraft for Detecting IN situ Aerosol). As part of the DACCIWA (Dynamics–Aerosol–Chemistry–Cloud Interactions in West Africa) project, 53 measurement flights were carried out at Savè, Benin, on 2–16 July 2016. A high variability of BC (1.79 to 2.42±0.31 µg m−3) was calculated along 155 vertical profiles that were performed below cloud base in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). In contrast to initial expectations of primary emissions, the vertical distribution of BC was mainly influenced by the stratification of the ABL during the WAM season. The article focuses on an event (14 and 15 July 2016) which showed distinct layers of BC in the lowermost 900 m above ground level (a.g.l.). Low concentrations of NOx and CO were sampled at the Savè supersite near the aircraft measurements and suggested a marginal impact of local sources during the case study. The lack of primary BC emissions was verified by a comparison of the measured BC with the model COSMO-ART (Consortium for Small-scale Modelling–Aerosols and Reactive Trace gases) that was applied for the field campaign period. The modelled vertical profiles of BC led to the assumption that the measured BC was already altered, as the size was mainly dominated by the accumulation mode. Further, calculated vertical transects of wind speed and BC presume that the observed BC layer was transported from the south with maritime inflow but was mixed vertically after the onset of a nocturnal low-level jet at the measurement site. This report contributes to the scope of DACCIWA by linking airborne BC data with ground observations and a model, and it illustrates the importance of a more profound understanding of the interaction between BC and the ABL in the WAM region.

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“…A detailed description of the airplane is given in Altstädter et al (2015) and information 30 on the new set-up can be found in Bärfuss et al (2017). The payload on ALADINA is equipped with aerosol instrumentation and meteorological sensors with high temporal resolution.…”

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confidence: 99%

Airborne observations of newly formed boundary layer aerosol particles under cloudy conditions

Altstädter¹,

Platis²,

Jähn³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. This study describes the formation of freshly formed boundary layer aerosol particles under classical called "non favourable" conditions by the existence of low-level strato cumulus clouds. Airborne measurements for vertical profiling atmospheric boundary layer properties and aerosol particles in the diameter range between 5 nm and 10 µm were repeatedly performed with the unmanned aerial system ALADINA (Application of Light-weight Aircraft for Detecting IN-situ Aerosol) at the research site of TROPOS (Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research) in Melpitz during three seasons between October 5 2013 and July 2015. More than 100 measurement flights were performed during this period on 23 different days with a total flight duration of 53 h. On 26 % of the measurement days, new particle formation was measured close to the inversion layer and was observed to be transported downwards during short time intervals of cloud gaps. However, the typical banana shape of new particle formation and growth was not seen at ground, only sporadic events appeared with low particle growth rate and thus might not have been classified as NPF by pure surface studies. This presentation focuses on two cases influenced by the 10 passage of a low pressure system and minimal concentrations of SO 2 as indicator for precursor gases at ground; I) on April 4, 2014 by east wind and II) on June 21, 2015 under south-west wind. For a closure, an LES-model output was used for the second study in order to derive a full analysis of atmospheric boundary layer growth over the measurement site at small-scale with high spatial resolution. Pronounced turbulent fluxes of sensible and latent heat in the vertical distribution initiated fast mixing processes of freshly formed boundary layer aerosol. Furthermore, CO 2 and particle fluxes indicated downward transport and 15 high deposition during sporadic nucleation events, so that NPF occurrence above with subsequent downward transport was clearly identified.

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Correction: Bärfuss et al. New Setup of the UAS ALADINA for Measuring Boundary Layer Properties, Atmospheric Particles and Solar Radiation. Atmosphere, 2018, 9, 28

Abstract: The authors would like to correct the published article [1] concerning acknowlegdements as follows[...]

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

A UAV-Based Eddy Covariance System for Measurement of Mass and Energy Exchange of the Ecosystem: Preliminary Results

A UAV-Based Eddy Covariance System for Measurement of Mass and Energy Exchange of the Ecosystem: Preliminary Results

The vertical variability of black carbon observed in the atmospheric boundary layer during DACCIWA

Airborne observations of newly formed boundary layer aerosol particles under cloudy conditions

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