Correction: Decreased T Follicular Regulatory Cell/T Follicular Helper Cell (TFH) in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Rhesus Macaques May Contribute to Accumulation of TFH in Chronic Infection

Abstract

This information is current as Infection in Chronic FH to Accumulation of T Infected Rhesus Macaques May Contribute

Slow Delivery Immunization Enhances HIV Neutralizing Antibody and Germinal Center Responses via Modulation of Immunodominance

“…Frequencies of highly functional memory T FH cells in the blood are associated with bnAb development in HIV-infected humans (Locci et al, 2013;Moody et al, 2016). GC-T FH cells are also positively correlated with nAb development in simian immunodeficiency virus positive (SIV + ) RMs and SHIV + RMs (Chowdhury et al, 2015;Petrovas et al, 2012;Yamamoto et al, 2015).…”

CD4 T Follicular Helper and Regulatory Cell Dynamics and Function in HIV Infection

“…Also in mice, it was demonstrated that excessive numbers of T FH are correlated with impaired affinity maturation, and restoring a balanced ratio of T FH to T FR allows for generation of highly mutated, high avidity antibodies (85). Recent studies in rhesus macaques have shown that T FR frequencies in secondary lymphoid tissues are increased in chronically SIV-infected animals (48, 86), while another study found decreases in T FR during chronic infection (87). Reasons for discrepancies among these studies are not clear.…”

Exploring the imbalance of circulating follicular helper CD4+ T cells in sarcoidosis patients

“…It is known that one of the main immunologic features of sarcoidosis is the influx of CD4 + T cells into the active sites of this disease. T FH cells are nonpolarized CD4 + T cells that express high levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR5; the homing exerted by its ligand CXCL13 chemokine allows follicular migration, where they are thought to act as a regulator of host humoral immune responses [19,23]. Infiltration of T FH into skin lesions (Fig.…”

“…That explains why T FH cells might play crucial roles in common autoimmune diseases; hence, they were reported as a potential biomarker in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) due to increased T FH cell numbers in those diseases [16,17]. On the other hand, decreased T FH cells were found in ankylosing spondylitis, hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic infections [18][19][20]. The features of T FH cells and their subsets in sarcoidosis patients have not yet been characterized.…”