Correction to: Femtosecond X-ray induced electron kinetics in dielectrics: application for FEL-pulse-duration monitor

Medvedev, Nikita

doi:10.1007/s00340-019-7182-3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 1 publication

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“…1-3. Note that in the work by Lipp et al (2017), the curves calculated with XCascade3D differ from those presented here due to a bug fix in the core XCASCADE code (Medvedev, 2019).…”

Section: Model Validationcontrasting

confidence: 64%

Quantifying electron cascade size in various irradiated materials for free-electron laser applications

Lipp¹,

Milov²,

Medvedev³

2022

J Synchrotron Rad

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Studying electron- and X-ray-induced electron cascades in solids is essential for various research areas at free-electron laser facilities, such as X-ray imaging, crystallography, pulse diagnostics or X-ray-induced damage. To better understand the fundamental factors that define the duration and spatial size of such cascades, this work investigates the electron propagation in ten solids relevant for the applications of X-ray lasers: Au, B4C, diamond, Ni, polystyrene, Ru, Si, SiC, Si3N4 and W. Using classical Monte Carlo simulation in the atomic approximation, we study the dependence of the cascade size on the incident electron or photon energy and on the target parameters. The results show that an electron-induced cascade is systematically larger than a photon-induced cascade. Moreover, in contrast with the common assumption, the maximal cascade size does not necessarily coincide with the electron range. It was found that the cascade size can be controlled by careful selection of the photon energy for a particular material. Photon energy, just above an ionization potential, can essentially split the absorbed energy between two electrons (photo- and Auger), reducing their initial energy and thus shrinking the cascade size. This analysis suggests a way of tailoring the electron cascades for applications requiring either small cascades with a high density of excited electrons or large-spread cascades with lower electron densities.

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“…1-3. Note that in the work by Lipp et al (2017), the curves calculated with XCascade3D differ from those presented here due to a bug fix in the core XCASCADE code (Medvedev, 2019).…”

Section: Model Validationcontrasting

confidence: 64%

Quantifying electron cascade size in various irradiated materials for free-electron laser applications

Lipp¹,

Milov²,

Medvedev³

2022

J Synchrotron Rad

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Picosecond to microsecond dynamics of X-ray irradiated materials at MHz pulse repetition rate

Lipp,

Grünert,

Liu

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Modern X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) produce intense femtosecond X-ray pulses able to cause significant damage to irradiated targets. Energetic photoelectrons created upon X-ray absorption, and Auger electrons emitted after relaxation of core-hole states trigger secondary electron cascades, which contribute to the increasing transient free electron density on femtosecond timescales. Further evolution may involve energy and particle diffusion, creation of point defects, and lattice heating. This long-timescale (up to a microsecond) X-ray-induced dynamics is discussed on the example of silicon in two-dimensional geometry. For modeling, we apply an extended Two-Temperature model with electron density dynamics, nTTM, which describes relaxation of an irradiated sample between two successive X-ray pulses, emitted from XFEL at MHz pulse repetition rate. It takes into account ambipolar carrier diffusion, electronic and atomic heat conduction, as well as electron-ion coupling. To solve the nTTM system of equations in two dimensions, we developed a dedicated finite-difference integration algorithm based on Alternating Direction Implicit method with an additional predictor-corrector scheme. We show first results obtained with the model and discuss its possible applications for XFEL optics, detectors, and for diagnostics tools. In particular, the model can estimate the timescale of material relaxation relevant for beam diagnostic applications during MHz operation of contemporary and future XFELs.

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Correction to: Femtosecond X-ray induced electron kinetics in dielectrics: application for FEL-pulse-duration monitor

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Quantifying electron cascade size in various irradiated materials for free-electron laser applications

Quantifying electron cascade size in various irradiated materials for free-electron laser applications

Picosecond to microsecond dynamics of X-ray irradiated materials at MHz pulse repetition rate

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