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IntroductionBacterial communities play crucial roles in the functioning and resilience of aquatic ecosystems, and their responses to water pollution may be assessed from ecological niches. However, our understanding of such response patterns and the underlying ecological mechanisms remains limited.MethodsIn this study, we comprehensively investigated the effects of water pollution on the bacterial structure and assembly within different ecological niches, including water, sediment, submerged plant leaf surfaces, and leaf surfaces, using a 16S high-throughput sequencing approach.ResultsEcological niches had a greater impact on bacterial community diversity than pollution, with a distinct enrichment of unique dominant phyla in different niches. This disparity in diversity extends to the bacterial responses to water pollution, with a general reduction in α-diversity observed in the niches, excluding leaf surfaces. Additionally, the distinct changes in bacterial composition in response to pollution should be correlated with their predicted functions, given the enrichment of functions related to biogeochemical cycling in plant surface niches. Moreover, our study revealed diverse interaction patterns among bacterial communities in different niches, characterized by relatively simply associations in sediments and intricate or interconnected networks in water and plant surfaces. Furthermore, stochastic processes dominated bacterial community assembly in the water column, whereas selective screening of roots and pollution events increased the impact of deterministic processes.DiscussionOverall, our study emphasizes the importance of ecological niches in shaping bacterial responses to water pollution. These findings improve our understanding of the complicated microbial response patterns to water pollution and have ecological implications for aquatic ecosystem health.
IntroductionBacterial communities play crucial roles in the functioning and resilience of aquatic ecosystems, and their responses to water pollution may be assessed from ecological niches. However, our understanding of such response patterns and the underlying ecological mechanisms remains limited.MethodsIn this study, we comprehensively investigated the effects of water pollution on the bacterial structure and assembly within different ecological niches, including water, sediment, submerged plant leaf surfaces, and leaf surfaces, using a 16S high-throughput sequencing approach.ResultsEcological niches had a greater impact on bacterial community diversity than pollution, with a distinct enrichment of unique dominant phyla in different niches. This disparity in diversity extends to the bacterial responses to water pollution, with a general reduction in α-diversity observed in the niches, excluding leaf surfaces. Additionally, the distinct changes in bacterial composition in response to pollution should be correlated with their predicted functions, given the enrichment of functions related to biogeochemical cycling in plant surface niches. Moreover, our study revealed diverse interaction patterns among bacterial communities in different niches, characterized by relatively simply associations in sediments and intricate or interconnected networks in water and plant surfaces. Furthermore, stochastic processes dominated bacterial community assembly in the water column, whereas selective screening of roots and pollution events increased the impact of deterministic processes.DiscussionOverall, our study emphasizes the importance of ecological niches in shaping bacterial responses to water pollution. These findings improve our understanding of the complicated microbial response patterns to water pollution and have ecological implications for aquatic ecosystem health.
The capacity of Blue Carbon Ecosystems to act as carbon sinks is strongly influenced by the metabolism of soil-associated microbes, which ultimately determine how much carbon is accumulated or returned to the atmosphere. The rapid evolution of sequencing technologies has facilitated the generation of tremendous amounts of data on what taxa comprise belowground microbial assemblages, largely available as isolated datasets, offering an opportunity for synthesis research that informs progress on understanding Blue Carbon microbiomes. We identified questions that can be addressed with a synthesis approach, including the high variability across datasets, space, and time due to differing sampling techniques, ecosystem or vegetation specificity, and the relationship between microbiome community and edaphic properties, particularly soil carbon. To address these questions, we collated 34 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing datasets, including bulk soil or rhizosphere from seagrass, mangroves, and saltmarshes within publicly available repositories. We identified technical and theoretical challenges that precluded a synthesis of multiple studies with currently available data, and opportunities for addressing the knowledge gaps within Blue Carbon microbial ecology going forward. Here, we provide a standardisation toolbox that supports enacting tasks for the acquisition, management, and integration of Blue Carbon-associated sequencing data and metadata to potentially elucidate novel mechanisms behind Blue Carbon dynamics.
The search for novel therapeutic agents to combat the crisis of antimicrobial resistance has spanned from terrestrial to unique, marine environments. Currently, most of the drugs available for usage are derived from microbial metabolites, especially those belonging to the bacterial group, actinobacteria. Actinobacteria are hotspot organisms that exist in all habitats with a myriad of unique biosynthetic metabolites. Seagrasses appear to be a key ecosystem within the coastal environment worth bioprospecting for novel natural products. Unfortunately, literature about the bioactive potential of their associated prokaryotes, including actinobacteria remains limited. In this context, this review focused on actinobacteria with antibiotic-producing capabilities derived from different parts of seagrass plants (i.e. roots, rhizomes, and leaves). To date, there were no purified molecules derived from seagrass-associated actinobacteria that were subjected to structure elucidation. From the underpinning of numerous biological profiles such as antibacterial, antifungal, and algicidal activities of seagrass-derived actinobacteria reported in this review during the period from 2012–2020, it provides a continual growth of knowledge accruing overtime, providing a foundation for future research.
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