Correctness-aware high-level functional matching approaches for semantic Web services

Abstract

Service matching approaches trade precision for recall, creating the need for users to choose the correct services, which obviously is a major obstacle for automating the service discovery and aggregation processes. Our approach to overcome this problem, is to eliminate the appearance of false positives by returning only the correct services. As different users have different semantics for what is correct, we argue that the correctness of the matching results must be determined according to the achievement of users' goals: that only services achieving users' goals are considered correct. To determine such correctness, we argue that the matching process should be based primarily on the high-level functional specifications (namely goals, achievement contexts, and external behaviors). In this article, we propose models, data structures, algorithms, and theorems required to correctly match such specifications. We propose a model called G + , to capture such specifications, for both services and users, in a machine-understandable format. We propose a data structure, called a Concepts Substitutability Graph (CSG), to capture the substitution semantics of application domain concepts in a context-based manner, in order to determine the semantic-preserving mapping transformations required to match different G + models. We also propose a behavior matching approach that is able to match states in an m-to-n manner, such that behavior models with different numbers of state transitions can be matched. Finally, we show how services are matched and aggregated according to their G + models. Results of supporting experiments demonstrate the advantages of the proposed service matching approaches.

GEMINI: A Hybrid Byzantine Fault Tolerant Protocol for Reliable Composite Web Services Orchestrated Delivery

“…Each workflow task is realized by invoking a set of parallel components, forming what is known as a components cluster. Such components are discovered and adapted using suitable service discovery and adaptation approaches such as the approaches discussed in [16], [17]. Hence, GEMINI requires a delivery framework that minimally consists of a composer, a dispatcher and a component discovery module that finds the required components on the fly from existing components repositories.…”

Web Services Conversation Adaptation Using Conditional Substitution Semantics of Application Domain Concepts

“…To overcome the limitations of the existing adaptation approaches, this paper proposes a novel approach for automatic adapter generation that is able to fulfill the above prerequisites by adopting and integrating different solutions from our previous research endeavors discussed in [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The proposed approach successfully adapts both signature and protocol conversation incompatibilities in a contextsensitive manner.…”

“…First, we adopt the metaontology proposed in [13,14,16] to capture the conversion semantics between application domain concepts in a context-sensitive manner using the Concepts Substitutability Enhanced Graph (CSEG) (details are given in Section 4). Second, we adopt the + model [10,16] to semantically capture the supported service conversation patterns using concepts and operations defined in CSEG (details are given in Section 5). Third, we adopt the context matching approach proposed in [12] to match conversation contexts and adopt a Sequence Mediation Procedure (SMP) proposed in [10,15] to mediate between different exchanged messages sequences (details are given in Section 2).…”

“…Second, we adopt the + model [10,16] to semantically capture the supported service conversation patterns using concepts and operations defined in CSEG (details are given in Section 5). Third, we adopt the context matching approach proposed in [12] to match conversation contexts and adopt a Sequence Mediation Procedure (SMP) proposed in [10,15] to mediate between different exchanged messages sequences (details are given in Section 2). Fourth, the proposed approach generates the conversation patterns from the services + model then matches these patterns using context matching and SMP procedures to find the operations mappings, which determine the required adapter structure, and then generates converters between different operations using the concepts substitution semantics captured in the CSEG.…”

A Novel Process Network Model for Interacting Context-Aware Web Services

“…In order to respond to context changes, a contextaware web service has to accommodate for a variety of context types and tune their behaviors dynamically with the changing contexts. Context-aware web services have been attracting significant attention as an important approach to improving the usability of web services [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19].…”