Correlated dynamics of collective droplet excitations in a one-dimensional harmonic trap

Abstract

We address the existence and dynamics of one-dimensional harmonically confined quantum droplets, appearing in two-component mixtures by deploying a nonperturbative approach. We find that, in symmetric homonuclear settings, beyond Lee-Huang-Yang correlations result in flattop droplet configurations for either decreasing intercomponent attraction or larger atom number. Asymmetric mixtures feature spatial mixing among the involved components with the more strongly interacting or heavier one exhibiting flat-top structures. Applying quenches on the harmonic trap we trigger the lowest-lying collective droplet excitations. The interaction-dependent breathing frequency, being slightly reduced in the presence of correlations, shows a decreasing trend for stronger attractions. Semi-analytical predictions are also obtained within the Lee-Huang-Yang framework. For relatively large quench amplitudes the droplet progressively delocalizes and higher-lying motional excitations develop in its core. Simultaneously, enhanced intercomponent entanglement and longrange two-body intracomponent correlations arise. In sharp contrast, the dipole motion remains robust irrespectively of the system parameters. Species selective quenches lead to a correlationinduced dephasing of the droplet or to irregular dipole patterns due to intercomponent collisions.

Solitary waves in a quantum droplet-bearing system

“…A further understanding of the difference between the analytical prediction of the dark soliton oscillation frequency compared to the eGPE numerical prediction might be fruitful using other perturbation/analytical schemes. It still remains an open question whether the presence of the trap impacts the Bogoliubov modes and thus the LHY term or to what extent higherorder quantum corrections will play a crucial role as argued in Ref [82]; see also the review of Ref. [42].…”