Correlates and predictors of loneliness in older-adults: a review of quantitative results informed by qualitative insights

Cohen‐Mansfield, Jiska; Hazan, Haim; Lerman, Yaffa; Shalom, Vera

doi:10.1017/s1041610215001532

Cited by 534 publications

(579 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This cross-sectional study found cognitive functioning to be associated with loneliness as found in Cohen-Mansfield et al (2016). More research is needed in order to determine causal factors underlying the association between loneliness and cognitive functioning (Boss et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…There were gender, age and racial disparities in loneliness with prevalence being higher among females, older individuals, unmarried individuals, Indians or Asians and individuals with no education or lower educational level. Cohen-Mansfield et al (2016) also found "female gender, non-married status, older age, poor income, lower educational level, living alone, low quality of social relationships, and cognitive deficits" to be associated with loneliness. This suggests that loneliness interventions should focus on individuals with these socio-demographic characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Prevalence of Loneliness and Associated Factors among Older Adults in South Africa

Phaswana‐Mafuya¹,

Peltzer²

2017

GJHS

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Objective: Loneliness can be detrimental to health. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of loneliness as well as its risk factors in older adults in South Africa. Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional population based study investigated factors associated with loneliness in a nationally representative sample (n=3624) of older South Africans who took part in the "Study of Global Ageing and Adults Health (SAGE)" wave 1 in 2008. The outcome variable was self-reported prevalence of loneliness and the exposure variables were socio-demographic characteristics and health variables. Results:The overall prevalence of self-reported loneliness was 9.9%. Prevalence of loneliness was 10.2% for females and 9.5% for males, lowest among those married (7.5%), and highest among the 70+ years olds (12.5%). Individuals with highest level of education had the lowest prevalence of loneliness (5.9%). Indians or Asians were significantly more likely to experience loneliness than other population groups (Adjusted Odds Ratio=AOR: 3.20; 95% Confidence Interval=CI: 1.31, 7.80). Married or cohabiting individuals were significantly less likely to experience loneliness than unmarried or non-cohabiting ones, respectively (AOR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.37, 0.81). In multivariable logistic regression, individuals with good subjective health were less likely to experience loneliness than those with poor health (AOR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.73). Similarly, individuals with good cognitive functioning were significantly less likely to experience loneliness than those with poor cognitive functioning (AOR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.97). Conclusion:The study found that the prevalence of loneliness among older adults in South Africa is significant. Preventative interventions that address the identified factors, including poor health status and low cognitive functioning, associated with loneliness need to be developed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of Loneliness and Associated Factors among Older Adults in South Africa

Phaswana‐Mafuya¹,

Peltzer²

2017

GJHS

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“…Reported loneliness was highest for women, Māori, and Asians. While those aged 65–74 years reported the lowest loneliness rates of all age groups, the results are concerning, as loneliness is associated with depressive symptoms and cognitive decline 6, 7, 8 and has been shown to be a mediating factor between living alone and depression 9. Furthermore, being lonely is a risk factor for mortality, poor health and serious illness across diverse populations 10, 11.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative review of older adult loneliness and social isolation in Aotearoa/New Zealand

et al. 2017

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ObjectiveTo conduct an integrative review of empirical studies of loneliness for older people in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Loneliness is a risk factor for older people's poor physical and cognitive health, serious illness and mortality. A national survey showed loneliness rates vary by gender and ethnicity.MethodsA systematic search of health and social science databases was conducted. Of 21 scrutinised articles, nine were eligible for inclusion and subjected to independent quality appraisal. One qualitative and eight quantitative research articles were selected.ResultsReported levels and rates of loneliness vary across age cohorts. Loneliness was significantly related to social isolation, living alone, depression, suicidal ideation, being female, being Māori and having a visual impairment. Qualitatively, older Korean immigrants experienced loneliness and social isolation, along with language and cultural differences.ConclusionAmongst older New Zealanders loneliness is commonly experienced by particular ethnic groups, highlighting a priority for targetted health and social services.

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“…And to get there, the first question would be ( In overviewing the literature, studies that can be read as theories of personal resilience cover such diverse topics as clinical problems after disaster and trauma exposure [13,14] but also societal and organizational issues [15,16]. Dependent of context, 'resilience' means different things at different levels of aggregation (person, group, and organization).…”

Section: Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They could be environmental barriers, unsafe neighborhoods, migration patterns, inaccessible housing, and inadequate resources for socializing, which are all mentioned in response to feeling lonely [16]. People may be insecurely attached [43] (p. 222) or may be depressed, feeling lonely [44].…”

Section: Pathways To Resilience (Par)mentioning

confidence: 99%

From Lonely to Resilient through Humanoid Robots: Building a New Framework of Resilience

Hoorn

2018

Journal of Robotics

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This paper connects different theories and methods from the social sciences and applies them to human-humanoid robot interaction (HHRI) to explain loneliness reduction and the build-up of resilience in older adults through social robots. It allows for userrelated aspects such as age, social connectedness, gender role, personality, and need satisfaction as well as robot-related aspects, particularly coaching behaviors and communication styles. From these scientific considerations, solutions to design challenges are pinpointed, proposing novel interaction schemes that enhance the feeling of support and companionship. This paper also opens the way to conducting empirical research to examine HHRI-related designs, measuring user experience in HHRI, while suggesting applications in HHRI in various settings, such as coaching and eldercare.

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Correlates and predictors of loneliness in older-adults: a review of quantitative results informed by qualitative insights

Cited by 534 publications

References 51 publications

Prevalence of Loneliness and Associated Factors among Older Adults in South Africa

Prevalence of Loneliness and Associated Factors among Older Adults in South Africa

Integrative review of older adult loneliness and social isolation in Aotearoa/New Zealand

From Lonely to Resilient through Humanoid Robots: Building a New Framework of Resilience

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