“…Land subsidence due to groundwater extraction exceeding recharge can be seen in many cities and is a world-wide problem. However, the magnitude of subsidence in Mexico City is more serious compared to other cities, for example, Beijing (maximum subsidence~10 cm yr −1 ; Du, Ge, Ng, Xiaojing, & Li al., 2018) and Bandung (maximum subsi-dence~20 cm yr −1 ; Du, Ge, Ng, Zhu, et al, 2018). This is mainly due to three reasons: First, earlier between the 1500s and 1700s, to control and divert the flooding, the government of Mexico City artificially opened the basin and constructed other hydraulic projects (Ortega & Farvolden, 1989).…”