Correlation among smartphone addiction, craniovertebral angle, scapular dyskinesis, and selected anthropometric variables in physiotherapy undergraduates

Abstract

Objectives Smartphone addiction has been indicated to reduce the craniovertebral angle, thereby causing a forward head posture and increasing scapular dyskinesis. This study determined the correlation among smartphone addiction level, craniovertebral angle, scapular dyskinesis, and selected anthropometric variables in physiotherapy undergraduates. Methods Seventy-seven participants were recruited from the Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, through a purposive sampling technique. The smartphone addiction level was assessed with the short version Smartphone Addiction Scale (English version). Craniovertebral and scapular dyskinesis were assessed using the photographic method. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data at an alpha level of 0.05. Results The analysis in this study revealed that many undergraduates are addicted to using smartphones. There was no significant difference in the addiction level (p = 0.367) and in scapular dyskinesis (p = 0.129) between male and female participants. However, there was a significant difference in craniovertebral angle (p = 0.032) between male and female participants. There was a significant relationship among smartphone addiction, craniovertebral angle (r = 0.306, p = 0.007), and scapular dyskinesis (r = 0.363, p = 0.007) in male and female participants. Conclusion A high level of smartphone addiction reduces the craniovertebral angle and increases scapular dyskinesis. Therefore, the smartphone addiction level should be assessed in all patients with neck and shoulder pain to plan appropriate management.

Inter and Intra-Rater Reliability of Measuring Photometric Craniovertebral Angle Using a Cloud-Based Video Communication Platform

“…In this study a specific set of instructions were provided to all subjects for standardization of ideal and relaxed posture. For the ideal posture condition, subjects were told, “March in place for a few steps then assume your best posture.” For the relaxed posture condition, subjects were told “March in place for a few steps, take a deep breath in and out, then assume your normal, relaxed posture.” The reliability coefficients in this study for relaxed posture were 0.88 for inter-rater and 0.91 for intra-rater, which are comparable to the values reported in the literature ( Table 3 ) ( Akodu et al, 2018 ; Cureton, 1941 ; Kocur et al, 2019 ; Lau et al, 2010 ; Nam et al, 2013 ; Raine & Twomey, 1997 ; Salahzadeh et al, 2014 ; Subbarayalu, 2016 ). A plausible explanation for this might be that similarities that exist across clinical and virtual environments.…”

Validity and Reliability of the Brazilian Version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Long Version (SAS-LV)

“…Excessive use of smartphones can lead to addictive behaviour and has been associated with a higher frequency of psychological problems (Alhassan et al 2018;Laurence et al 2020;Lee et al 2020), lower quality of life and physical problems (Horwood and Anglim 2019), especially in the musculoskeletal system (Akodu et al 2018), and reduced sleep quality (Wang et al 2019). Although the current version of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) only includes Internet-gaming disorder in Section III, as a behavioural addiction (APA 2013), smartphone addiction is associated with intensive use of the Internet and has been increasingly studied because of its impact on the population, especially among those younger one.…”

Association of Hand Performance with Neck Disability in Text Neck Syndrome among College Students

“…Both male and female subjects were included in the study. The subjects who spend more than 4 hours per day active on smart phone [5] , no musculoskeletal or neurological disorders affecting the upper or lower extremity [6] , are college students [9] , No history of the physical or mental disease [8] were included for the study. Subjects should know the English language.…”

“…Subjects should know the English language. Subjects having a history of shoulder or neck pathology [9] , musculoskeletal disease or anomaly [12] , history of surgery of spine [6] , history of surgery of neck or shoulder [12] , recent surgery [6] , chronic medical illness [12] were excluded. (2), Checkers (4), Kidney Beans (5), Teaspoon (1), Weighted cans (5), Light cans (5), Sentence cards (4), Pen (1)…”