Correlation Between Antioxidants and Phototypes in Melanocytes Cultures. A Possible Link of Physiologic and Pathologic Relevance

Picardo, Mauro; Maresca, Vittoria; Eibenschutz, Laura; Bernardo, Carmelilia De; Rinaldi, Rosanna; Grammatico, Paola

doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00714.x

Cited by 41 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In fact, Meyskens et al [68] have hypothesized that CMM pathogenesis encompasses the early oxidation of melanin to the pro-oxidant quinone-imine which may play a role in accumulation of metals and other chemicals. This process is contrasted by cellular antioxidants whose depletion is indeed considered a feature of CMM pathogenesis [69,70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of studies investigating the association between dietary habits and cutaneous malignant melanoma

et al. 2015

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ObjectiveSeveral papers have dealt with diet as a risk factor for cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). This study is aimed at synthesizing available data on the topic. Study designA systematic review of observational studies assessing the association between dietary habits and CMM was performed. MethodsElectronic databases were used to identify eligible articles. Quality was evaluated through the NewCastle Ottawa scale. Case control and cohort studies assessing CMM occurrence in people with highest level of food and nutrient intake in comparison to lowest were considered eligible. Data from single studies were described qualitatively because combination of data was not possible. ResultsSixteen articles were selected. Cohort studies showed a better quality than case-control ones. Most studies did not figure out any significant association between foods intake and CMM, except for few evidence of a protective role associated to fish, vegetables and fruit. Risk reduction was shown 35-37%, 40-57% and 34-46% respectively across studies releasing significant results. Beta-carotene, vitamin A, retinol, vitamin E, and vitamin D showed a protective role in single studies with a risk reduction of 64%, 49%, 37-43%, 50-66% and 39% respectively. Conclusion 4A trend in the reduction of CMM risk with higher intake of fish, vegetables and fruits, as well as beta-carotene and vitamins A, E and D has been shown but further research is needed to provide decisive data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of studies investigating the association between dietary habits and cutaneous malignant melanoma

et al. 2015

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“…Although abnormalities in chromosome 6 and the MnSOD gene have been demonstrated in some melanomas (57), this is uncommon and unlikely to provide a genetic or generic basis for the altered anti-oxidant phenotype. Picardo and his colleagues have followed up this observation and found that the anti-oxidant phenotype of normal epidermal melanocytes from patients with melanoma fell into one of two categories: a) the same as melanocytes from normal donors or b) a phenotype resembling melanoma cells: elevated vitamin E and polyunsaturated fatty acids and a lowered catalase and unchanged SOD activity (58)(59)(60). Remarkably, a similar anti-oxidant pattern was also seen when uveal melanocytes and uveal melanoma cell cultures were compared (61).…”

Section: Anti-oxidant Levels and Melanomagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Regulation in Human Melanocytes and Melanoma

Meyskens

Farmer

Fruehauf

2001

Pigment Cell Research

207

159

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totic phenotype in the transformed cell. This conceptual frameThe human melanocyte is continuously exposed to intrinsic and work offers testable steps to determine the role of redox extrinsic sources of reactive biochemical species, but is finely tuned via the intrinsic anti-oxidant and radical properties of alterations in the carcinogenic evolution, prevention and treatmelanin to suppress the build-up of an altered redox phenoment of melanoma and other diseases of the melanocyte. type. We propose that this control is lost during melanomageKey words: Transcription factor, NF-kB, AP-1, Reactive nesis and inappropriate redox-sensitive transcriptional factor oxygen species, Glutathione, Superoxide anion activations occur which result in enhancement of an anti-apopand glutathione (GSH), melanin as an anti-oxidant and cellular pro-oxidant, response of melanin to ultraviolet (UV) light, anti-oxidant levels and melanomagenesis, redox regulation of transcription factors, and a conceptual framework for the pathogenesis of melanoma based on altered redox control.In response to UV light an inflammatory response is generated involving the production of massive amounts of various cytokines and growth factors by keratinocytes, a vigorous inflammatory/immunologic host response, and in some cases angiogenesis. Each one of these responses generates or stimulates the production of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species. Additionally, UV light interacts directly with biochemical constituents of the melanocyte to generate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide and/or superoxide anion. The sum total of these alterations is that melanocytes are subjected to an panoply of redox changes with secondary effects on melanin synthesis and a variety of signaling cascades.We suggest that alterations in these processes are fundamentally involved in the pathogenesis of melanoma and perhaps other pathologic states. These observations encum-

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“…A known feature of human melanoma cells is that their antioxidant capacity is depressed with decreased catalase, glutathione-s-transferase, and MnSOD enzymatic activity and low levels of glutathione and ␣-to-copherol levels compared to melanocytes [11][12][13]. This finding is surprising in that most tumor cells exhibit an antioxidant phenotype [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant redox regulation in human metastatic melanoma cells compared to normal melanocytes

Meyskens¹,

McNulty²,

Buckmeier³

et al. 2001

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

117

103

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Abstract-Melanocytes and melanoma cells contain melanin, a complex polymer that modulates redox changes in these cells. Relative intracellular hydrogen peroxide levels measured by dichlorodihydrofluorescein are similar in the two cell types, but the levels of superoxide anion measured by dihydroethidium were markedly increased in melanoma cells. Chelator-induced oxidative stress is efficiently suppressed by melanocytes without substantial recruitment of the transcription factors NF-B and AP-1 as measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and quantitated by densitometry or by a change in frequency of apoptosis as determined by annexin V binding. In contrast, NF-B in melanoma cells is strongly recruited by changes in redox status and exhibits a correlative relationship to intracellular hydrogen peroxide (but not superoxide anion). However, the response of the NF-B pathway to intracellular hydrogen peroxide is anomalous, including downregulation of p65 and IB␣ RNA expression (Northern blot). Additionally, recruitment of AP-1 binding in melanoma cells was directly correlated with intracellular levels of superoxide anion (but not hydrogen peroxide). Neither the degree of NF-B nor AP-1 binding in melanoma cells was related to the frequency of apoptosis. The responsiveness of NF-B and AP-1 recruitment to intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion without concomitant control of apoptosis provides a general mechanism by which these cells can escape noxious injury (e.g., chemotherapy). The marked enhancement of apoptosis in melanoma cells by chelators indicates, however, that this alteration can be circumvented and offers a unique therapeutic window to explore.

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Correlation Between Antioxidants and Phototypes in Melanocytes Cultures. A Possible Link of Physiologic and Pathologic Relevance

Cited by 41 publications

References 15 publications

Systematic review of studies investigating the association between dietary habits and cutaneous malignant melanoma

Systematic review of studies investigating the association between dietary habits and cutaneous malignant melanoma

Redox Regulation in Human Melanocytes and Melanoma

Aberrant redox regulation in human metastatic melanoma cells compared to normal melanocytes

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