Correlation Between Bile Reflux Gastritis and Biliary Excreted Contrast Media in the Stomach

Hyun, Jong Jin; Yeom, Suk Keu; Shim, Euddeum; Cha, Jaehyung; Choi, Inyoung; Lee, Seung Hwa; Chung, Hwan Hoon; Hoon, Sang; Lee, Changhee

doi:10.1097/rct.0000000000000585

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Bile is thought to be the main duodenal component. Bile reflux has been found to be closely related to upper gastrointestinal inflammation, development of ulcers, intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma 10‐12 . A previous study of 2283 patients found that high levels of bile acid reflux were linked to an increased risk of intestinal metaplasia 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bile reflux has been found to be closely related to upper gastrointestinal inflammation, development of ulcers, intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma. [10][11][12] A previous study of 2283 patients found that high levels of bile acid reflux were linked to an increased risk of intestinal metaplasia. 12 Thus, we hypothesized that bile reflux might play an important role in the occurrence and development of GC and precancerous lesions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The relationship between gastric cancer, its precancerous lesions and bile reflux: A retrospective study

Zhang

Yao

et al. 2020

J of Digest Diseases

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Objective: To evaluate the relationship between gastric cancer (GC) and precancerous lesions and bile reflux.Methods: Medical records of 30 465 participants who underwent gastroscopy between January and December 2018 in our center were reviewed. Their age, sex, time of endoscopy, endoscopic/histologic diagnosis and grade of bile reflux were recorded. The participants were further divided into the chronic gastritis group (n = 27 807), a precancerous lesion group (n = 1943) and a GC group (n = 715). The χ 2 tests and hierarchical analyses were performed.Results: Patients aged 18-27 years had a higher bile reflux rate than those aged 28-37 and 68-75 years (P < 0.001), while it did not differ between patients aged <50 years and those over 50 years (P = 0.639). It was lower in men than in women (P < 0.001). The bile reflux rate did not differ in terms of months, seasons and half of the year (all P > 0.05), but differed between morning and afternoon when they underwent the endoscopy (P = 0.000). There was an interrelationship between the severity of gastric mucosal disease and bile reflux grade (r = 0.171). After excluding the effects of sex, age and time of endoscopy on bile reflux, bile reflux rate in chronic gastritis and precancerous lesions was lower than in gastric cancer (P < 0.01).Conclusions: Bile reflux may be a risk factor for gastric cancer and precancerous lesions. A high grade of bile reflux may be associated with the progression of gastric mucosal diseases.bile reflux, gastric neoplasms, gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, precancerous lesions | INTRODUCTIONAs the fifth most common malignant tumor worldwide, more than one million new cases of gastric cancer (GC) were estimated to be diagnosed in 2018; while the cancer-related mortality rate of GC is the third highest (equivalent to one in every 12 deaths worldwide). 1 In China the incidence and mortality of GC are also high. 2 According to the Correa model, despite its complex etiology GC usually begins with atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia, and progresses to carcinogenesis. 3 Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, patient's age, sex, * These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The relationship between gastric cancer, its precancerous lesions and bile reflux: A retrospective study

Zhang

Yao

et al. 2020

J of Digest Diseases

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“…Several studies reported that bile reflux was associated with reflux esophagitis, the proliferation of esophageal squamous cells, Barrett's adenocarcinoma, and intestinal metaplasia in the cardia (19,20). Moreover, recent studies suggested the association between bile acids and the risk of precancerous gastric lesions such as atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia (3,7,21). Matsuhisa et al demonstrated that the total bile acid concentration was correlated with the grade of glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia of the stomach (3,22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary bile acid activates Egr‑1 expression through the MAPK signaling pathway in gastric cancer

Lee

Park

et al. 2022

Mol Med Rep

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Bile acids have been linked to pathomechanism and prognosis in various types of cancers. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of bile acids on the molecular change in gastric epithelial cancer cells and to evaluate gastric bile acid concentration in patients with early gastric cancer (eGc). Human gastric cancer cells (aGS and nci-n87 cell lines) were treated with several bile acid types to determine their effect on molecular changes in the cells. Gastric levels of individual bile acids were measured (primary unconjugated or conjugated bile acids and secondary bile acids) in 39 participants (20 controls and 19 patients with eGc). exposing gastric epithelial cancer cells to primary bile acids in vitro upregulated the expression of early growth response factor 1 (egr-1) and the oncogenes including c-Jun, c-Myc and Snail, whereas a p42/44 MaPK inhibitor exposure reduced their expression. There was a significant difference in age and presence of atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia in background mucosa between controls and patients with EGC. There were significant differences in the levels of unconjugated or conjugated primary bile acids between controls and eGc patients except lithocholic acid. after adjustment of age and presence of atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia, the levels of cholic acid [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.3; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-16.2; P=0.029] and glycochenodeoxycholic acid [aor 9.9; 95% ci: 1.3-75.3; P= 0.027] were significantly higher in patients with eGc compared with controls. in conclusion, bile acids upregulate egr-1 in gastric cancer cells via the MaPK signaling pathway, and higher gastric levels of primary bile acids are associated with eGc. Therefore, exposure of gastric cells to primary bile acids may play a role in gastric carcinogenesis.

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“…Refluks bile ke gaster ini dapat menyebabkan bile reflux gastritis. 1 Bile reflux gastritis merupakan gastritis atau inflamasi pada mukosa gaster yang disebabkan oleh paparan cairan empedu dan isi duodenum ke gaster. 2,3 Bile reflux gastritis merupakan kondisi klinis yang jarang dikenali pada praktik klinis.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Salah satu penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari pasien-pasien yang menjalani endoskopi, terdapat sekitar 10% pasien mengalami duodenogastric reflux. 1 Di Indonesia, kasus bile reflux gastritis jarang dilaporkan. Kasus pernah dilaporkan di Padang yaitu sebanyak 11,53% dari total pasien endoskopi selama tahun 1981 sampai 1983.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Profil Pasien Bile Reflux Gastritis di Rumah Sakit DR. Saiful Anwar Malang

Nurisa¹,

Supriono²

2019

JPDI

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Pendahuluan. Bile reflux gastritis adalah refluks empedu ke gaster yang ditandai dengan rasa mudah kenyang, tidak nyaman di perut, mual, dan muntah. Bile reflux gastritis umumnya terjadi setelah pembedahan, termasuk gastrektomi parsial, vogotomi trunkus, piloroplasti, kolesistektomi, atau sfingteroplasti. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk melihat gambaran endoskopi pasien dengan bile reflux gastritis serta lokasi abnormalitas yang ditemukan pada hasil endoskopi pasien di Rumah Sakit Saiful Anwar (RSSA) Malang. Metode. Data penelitian diambil dari rekam medis pasien endoskopi di Rumah Sakit Saiful Anwar Malang dari tanggal 1 Januari 2012 sampai dengan 31 Desember 2016 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi bile reflux gastritis. Lokasi kelainan dibedakan dekat dan jauh dari pilorus. Lokasi yang dekat dengan pilorus adalah antrum, pilorus, duodenum, dan distal duodenum. Lokasi yang jauh dari pilorus adalah esofagus, esofagogastric-junction, fundus, corpus, dan angulus. Hasil. Dari 3.491 pasien yang dilakukan endoskopi di RSSA selama 5 tahun, didapatkan 1.949 pasien gastritis (55,83%). Dari 1.949 orang pasien gastritis, didapatkan total 120 subjek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dengan data lengkap yang terdiri dari 62 laki-laki (51,67%) dan 58 perempuan (48,33%). Hiperemia terbanyak didapatkan di antrum (96), erosi terbanyak di antrum (43), edema terbanyak di pilorus (18), dan ulkus terbanyak di antrum (14). Persentase hiperemia, erosi, dan edema didapatkan jauh dari pilorus sebanding dengan yang dekat dengan pilorus. Akan tetapi, untuk ulkus lebih banyak didapatkan berada dekat dengan pilorus (75,68%). Simpulan. Hiperemia, erosi, dan ulkus terbanyak di daerah antum, sedangkan edema terbanyak di daerah pilorus. Hiperemia, erosi, dan edema terdapat di semua bagian, sedangkan ulkus lebih banyak pada lokasi di dekat pilorus.

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Correlation Between Bile Reflux Gastritis and Biliary Excreted Contrast Media in the Stomach

Abstract: Biliary excreted contrast media in the stomach on 60-minute delayed gadoxetic MRC has a correlation with the presence of bile reflux gastritis on endoscopic examination.

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

The relationship between gastric cancer, its precancerous lesions and bile reflux: A retrospective study

The relationship between gastric cancer, its precancerous lesions and bile reflux: A retrospective study

Primary bile acid activates Egr‑1 expression through the MAPK signaling pathway in gastric cancer

Profil Pasien Bile Reflux Gastritis di Rumah Sakit DR. Saiful Anwar Malang

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