Correlation between Fetal and Maternal Serum Bile Acid Concentrations

Colombo, Carla; Roda, Aldo; Roda, Enrico; Buscaglia, M; Dell'Agnola, C. A.; Filippetti, P.; Ronchi, M; Sereni, F

doi:10.1203/00006450-198502000-00018

Cited by 58 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It would be of interest to know what the key determinants are in triggering the surge in biliary bile acid concentrations in early gestation. In a previous report, no correlation between serum bile acid concentrations and gestational age was found and this may be explained by a rapid equilibration of bile acids between the fetal and maternal compartments (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biliary Bile Acid Composition of the Human Fetus in Early Gestation

et al. 1987

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biliary Bile Acid Composition of the Human Fetus in Early Gestation

et al. 1987

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“…18,19 There are also data that suggest that the fetus synthesises lithocholate, a hydrophobic and therefore potentially cardiotoxic bile acid, as a primary bile acid. 20 Fetal gallbladder bile collected at 16-19 weeks of gestation and analysed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) demonstrated a relatively high proportion of bile acids that are not typically seen in adult bile and which are characterised by hydroxy groups at the C1 and C6 carbon positions of the steroid nucleus. 21 There have been no studies to establish whether these atypical bile acids influence cardiomyocyte function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic science: Genes encoding bile acid, phospholipid and anion transporters are expressed in a human fetal cardiomyocyte culture

Gorelik

Patel

Ng'andwe

et al. 2006

BJOG

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Objectives To establish a human fetal cardiomyocyte culture and to investigate whether the genes that encode transporters that may influence influx or efflux of bile acids are expressed in human fetal cardiomyocytes. Design Laboratory study. Setting Imperial College London. Sample Six fetal hearts were obtained at the time of termination of pregnancy at 12–13 weeks of gestation and used to generate primary human cardiomyocyte cultures. Methods To confirm the presence of cardiomyocytes, the cells were incubated with monoclonal antibodies to sarcomeric α‐actinin and anticardiac myosin heavy chain. Real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to establish whether transcripts of genes that may influence bile acid transport are present in the culture (NTCP, BSEP, MDR3, FIC1, MRP2, MRP3, OATP‐A, OATP‐C, OATP‐D, OATP‐E) and whether taurocholate administration alters messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Main outcome measures Relative mRNA expression of genes of interest. Results Real‐time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated the presence of mRNA for BSEP, MDR3, FIC1, OATP‐C, OATP‐D and OATP‐E in fetal heart. Four transcripts remained in the cardiomyocyte culture (BSEP, MDR3, FIC1 and OATP‐D), and we demonstrated the influence of taurocholate on gene expression. Conclusions We have developed an in vitro model of the fetal heart that may be used for studies of the cardiac effect of endobiotics, e.g. bile acids, or of specific agents that may be used to treat the mother or fetus in pregnancy.

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“…There are also typical bile acids found within the fetal blood including 6 alpha and 1 beta hydroxylated and oxo-bile acids. However, these are present in much lower concentrations than the conventional primary bile acids [9]. In cholestatic pregnancy, the maternal serum bile acids rise from below 10 µmol/l to between 2 and 20 times this level.…”

Section: Fetal Maternal Bile Acid Gradients In Uncomplicated Pregnancmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The human fetus is capable of synthesizing bile acids from the end of the first trimester [9]. In an uncomplicated pregnancy, fetal total serum bile acids are slightly higher than those in the maternal circulation (fig.…”

Section: Fetal Maternal Bile Acid Gradients In Uncomplicated Pregnancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bile Acid Signaling in Fetal Tissues: Implications for Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy

Williamson¹,

Miragoli

Kadir

et al. 2011

Dig Dis

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Background/Aims: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is complicated by spontaneous preterm labor, fetal anoxia and unexplained fetal death. We aim to evaluate the mechanisms by which raised fetal bile acids cause placental abnormalities and fetal cardiac pathology. Methods: The study was performed using placental samples taken from ICP pregnancies, placental explant culture, neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes, and murine and human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Results: Maternal cholestasis causes a placental phenotype with histological abnormalities. This can be evaluated using placental explant cultures. Taurocholate, the principal bile acid raised in the fetal compartment in ICP, causes abnormal cardiomyocyte contraction, rhythm and desynchronization of calcium dynamics. To extend our observations that the muscarinic M2 receptor plays a role in bile acid-induced arrhythmia in cardiomyocytes, we are developing a model containing mixed cell populations to represent the fetal and maternal hearts. This will be used to evaluate the underlying mechanisms to explain fetal arrhythmia in the presence of cholestasis. Conclusion: Bile acids signal via a spectrum of pathways in the placenta and the fetal heart.

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Correlation between Fetal and Maternal Serum Bile Acid Concentrations

Cited by 58 publications

References 24 publications

Biliary Bile Acid Composition of the Human Fetus in Early Gestation

Biliary Bile Acid Composition of the Human Fetus in Early Gestation

Basic science: Genes encoding bile acid, phospholipid and anion transporters are expressed in a human fetal cardiomyocyte culture

Bile Acid Signaling in Fetal Tissues: Implications for Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy

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