Correlation between ICIDH handicap code and Gross Motor Function Classification System in children with cerebral palsy

Beckung, Eva; Hagberg, G

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2000.tb00677.x

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…6 It strongly correlates with the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicap (ICIDH) in terms of motor function, 7 and can be used retrospectively for research purposes. It is also reported to be stable over time.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comorbidities and clinical determinants of outcome in children with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy

Venkateswaran

Shevell

2008

Develop Med Child Neuro

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The objective of this study was to determine the major comorbidities in patients with spastic quadriplegic (SQ) cerebral palsy (CP) and their possible clinical associations. Medical records of patients with SQ CP from a pediatric neurology practice over a 14-year period were retrospectively and systematically reviewed. Variables examined included demographics, prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal risk factors. Comorbidities documented included those involving hearing, vision, feeding status, and epilepsy. Binomial logistic regression analyses were applied to identify clinical associations of the comorbidities. Ninety-two children were included in this study of whom 39 were born preterm. Mean age of presentation was 2 months (SD 3.5) and males comprised 60% of the group. A total of 57% had a Gross Motor Function Classification Score (GMFCS) of Level IV or V. The four documented comorbidities occurred at a high frequency: 66 out of 83 children (80%) had a visual impairment with 13 (21%) having a substantial impairment; 37 out of 86 children (40%) had a hearing deficit; 43 out of 92 children (47%) had epilepsy; and 29 (33%) required assisted feeding. A GMFCS Level of IV or V and documented microcephaly was associated with the need for assisted feeding (odds ratio [OR] 8.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1-29.8, p=0.002 and OR 4.9, 95% CI 1.7-14.8, p=0.004 respectively). Epilepsy was associated with the occurrence of neonatal encephalopathy (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.0-55; p=0.05), microcephaly (OR 4.9, 95% CI 1.6-14.8; p=0.004), periventricular leukomalacia (OR 7.4, 95% CI 1.6-35.0; p=0.012), and perinatal asphyxia (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.5-8.9; p=0.005). There is a high frequency of comorbidity in the setting of SQ CP which can impact on quality of life and burdens of care. Few clinical associations of this burden appear, thus necessitating systematic programmatic follow-up of these children to facilitate early identification and intervention.Cerebral palsy (CP) is a heterogeneous symptom complex which is the result of multiple etiologies. The definition of spastic quadriplegic (SQ) CP is variable 1 and the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe (SCPE) has recommended these children be categorized as having bilateral spastic CP 2 with assignment of specific disability grades to the upper and lower limbs. 3 Although the definition of CP highlights a static motor encephalopathy, the underlying pathology allows for other developmental abnormalities to emerge over time. The most recent consensus definition recognizes that: 'Cerebral palsy describes a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain. The motor disorders of cerebral palsy are often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, and behaviour, by epilepsy, and by secondary musculoskeletal problems.' 4 While studies exist looking at comorbidities in children with CP, few exist look...

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confidence: 99%

Comorbidities and clinical determinants of outcome in children with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy

Venkateswaran

Shevell

2008

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…Till date, it has been done using the following tools; GMFCS, MACS and BFMF. [4][5][6] GMFCS scoring system was developed by Palsino and colleagues in 1997, later revised and expanded in 2007 to overcome its limitations. [4,9] GMFCS classifies CP into five levels; I, II, III, IV and V. The scores are ordinal and in the direction I (good) → V (bad) i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3] Several scoring systems have been developed that aimed to assess the level and extent of impairment in patients with CP including the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) and Bimanual Fine Function (BFMF). [4][5][6] Both GMFCS and MACS tools have been used internationally. Previous studies have shown them to be valid and reliable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutech Functional Score (NFS), A New Scoring System to Assess the Level of Impairment in Patients with Cerebral Palsy

Shroff¹,

Bharthakur²

2015

Int Arch Med

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Background: A non-progressive disorder cerebral palsy (CP) occurs as a result of the damage to the brain of a fetus and newborns. It is estimated to affect every one in 323 children in the U.S. The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) has been a validated and reliable tool used for assessing the gross motor function in patients with CP. However the use of tool has been found to be limited in assessing certain symptoms of CP that are essential to be evaluated. Our study aimed at developing a scoring system that can assess the symptoms which remained untouched in GMFCS. Methods and Findings:We initiated compiling the lists of symptoms from the diagnostic records of the cases who visited our facility. CP patient who were previously assessed with GMFCS, were then assessed using Nutech Function Score (NFS), the new scoring system. NFS is a 32 point positional and directional scoring system that can assess the CP symptoms that remain far from assessment in GMFCS; these symptoms are feeding, indication, epilepsy, toilet training, drooling, mathematical skills, hearing, vision, commands, smiling, constipation, recognition/awareness, eye contact, aggression, speech, breathing difficulty, defense mechanism and swallowing. As opposed to GMFCS, NFS scoring system can be used to assess patients aged above 18 years. We have also converted the scores into numeric grades.Conclusion: NFS appears to be a unique tool that can be used globally to assess the improvement in patients with CP.

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“…Diversos estudos firmam que após classificar a criança por este sistema, o quadro clínico funcional tende a estabilizar ao longo dos anos, ou seja, possivelmente permanecerá no mesmo nível de classificação (BECKUNG;HAGBERG, 2000;PALISANO et al, 2006;WOOD;ROSENBAUM, 2000). Chagas et al (2008) mostraram que crianças classificadas nos níveis superiores do sistema GMFCS (IV e V -maior gravidade do comprometimento funcional) apresentaram menor capacidade da função motora grossa pelo teste Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), quando comparadas com crianças nos níveis mais inferiores do sistema (I, II e III -gravidade leve e moderada do comprometimento funcional).…”

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Estudo da independência funcional, motricidade e inserção escolar de crianças com Paralisia Cerebral

Rézio

Cunha²,

Formiga

2012

Rev. bras. educ. espec.

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RESUMO:A Paralisia Cerebral (PC) é uma condição clínica que gera alta prevalência de sequelas funcionais. As crianças com este diagnóstico podem apresentar diversos problemas nas atividades funcionais e no controle dos movimentos voluntários. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o nível de independência funcional, motricidade e inserção escolar de crianças com PC. A amostra foi composta por 14 crianças com idade entre um a 11 anos que frequentam regularmente o Setor Clínico da Associação Pestalozzi de Goiânia, seus respectivos pais e/ou responsáveis e professores do ensino escolar. Os resultados mostraram que quanto maior o nível de independência funcional e melhor o desempenho na função motora grossa das crianças com Paralisia Cerebral, menor é a assistência fornecida pelos cuidadores e menos adaptações são necessárias para que essas crianças realizem as tarefas do ensino escolar. É importante uma parceria entre os profissionais da saúde com os professores, através de orientações e contribuições, no que for necessário para a inclusão escolar das crianças com deficiência. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Educação Especial. Paralisia cerebral. Independência funcional. Motricidade. Inclusão Educacional.ABSTRACT: Cerebral Palsy is a medical condition that causes high prevalence of functional sequelae. For this reason, children with this diagnosis can present several problems in functional activities related to controlling voluntary movements. The aim of this study was to examine the level of functional independence, motor skills and school integration of children with cerebral palsy. The sample consisted of 14 children aged one to 11 years attending regularly the Clinical Sector of the Pestalozzi Association−Goiânia Unit, their parents and/or guardians and school teachers. The results showed that the higher the level of functional independence and the better their performance in gross motor function of these children with cerebral palsy, the lower the assistance provided by caregivers and fewer the adjustments needed for these children to perform tasks required of them in school. The study showed the importance of health professionals and teachers working together whenever needed, through orientation and contributions, for the educational inclusion of children with disabilities.

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Correlation between ICIDH handicap code and Gross Motor Function Classification System in children with cerebral palsy

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Comorbidities and clinical determinants of outcome in children with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy

Comorbidities and clinical determinants of outcome in children with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy

Nutech Functional Score (NFS), A New Scoring System to Assess the Level of Impairment in Patients with Cerebral Palsy

Estudo da independência funcional, motricidade e inserção escolar de crianças com Paralisia Cerebral

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