Correlation between insulin resistance and the rate of neutrophils-lymphocytes, monocytes-lymphocytes, platelets-lymphocytes in type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract

Background Insulin resistance (IR) was a prominent feature commonly observed in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM Individuals often exhibited a concomitant presence of low-grade chronic inflammation. In this study conducted retrospectively, the aim was to investigate the connection between neutrophils-lymphocytes rate (NLR), monocytes-lymphocytes rate (MLR), platelets-lymphocytes rate (PLR) and IR, specifically among individuals with T2DM. Method This study encompassed a cohort of 405 individuals diagnosed with T2DM, comprising cases from January 2021 to November 2022. On the basis of whether there was IR or not, these sufferers were categorized into two cohorts, namely T2DM with IR group (292 cases) and T2DM without IR group (113 cases), as determined by a homeostasis model assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) value exceeding 2.0. Results The findings of this study demonstrated compelling evidence of distinct biomarker profiles between individuals with T2DM who had IR and those without IR. Specifically, the IR individuals displayed notably raise NLR, MLR, PLR, C reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA). Additionally, there was a noticeable decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Furthermore, IR was negatively correlated with SOD values, while positive associations were found between IR and NLR, CRP, and SAA levels (p < 0.05). Moreover, a rise in NLR and PLR levels demonstrated an identical relationship with the prevalence of IR (p = 0.007, p = 0.025, separately). The Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated that the areas under the curve (AUC) for NLR, MLR, PLR, CRP, SAA and SOD in predicting occurrence of IR in T2DM patients were 0.603, 0.575, 0.581, 0.644, 0.594 and 0.632 respectively, with sensitivity of 79.5%, 95.2%, 46.9%,54.1% (or 51.4), 47.6% (or 45.7%) and 98.6% and specificity of 37.2%, 19.5%, 69.9%, 69% (or 71.7%), 71.6% (or 73.5%) and 23% respectively. Conclusion Our findings support the notion that higher magnitude of NLR, PLR, MLR, CRP, and SAA values, corresponded to lower SOD levels, indicating a more severe degree of IR in T2DM patients. Additionally, NLR, PLR, MLR, CRP, SAA, and SOD demonstrated predictive potential for assessing IR. Regrettably, due to the retrospective nature of this study, it was not feasible to take a measurement the majority of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Investigation of the Systemic Immune Inflammation (SII) Index as an Indicator of Morbidity and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetic Retinopathy Patients in a 4-Year Follow-Up Period

“…In a systematic meta-analysis study examining the changes in hematologic parameters of patients with type 2 DM and type 1 DM and a control group of healthy individuals, it was shown that patients with type 2 DM had significantly higher absolute neutrophil, absolute monocyte, absolute lymphocyte, and absolute basophil counts and relative neutrophil and basophil counts [ 23 ]. In addition, another study reported that hematologic parameters, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte-to-platelet ratio, were higher in patients with diabetes and that these increases could be considered a sign of inflammatory response [ 24 ]. In another study, the neutrophil levels of patients with type 2 DM and healthy individuals were compared, and it was found that the neutrophil levels of the patient group were significantly higher [ 25 ].…”

Pyroptosis in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy and its Therapeutic Regulation

“… 3 , 4 Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is mainly characterized by increased chronic inflammation burden. 5 , 6 In addition, diabetic microvascular complications including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are also characterized by a high inflammatory burden. 7 , 8 It is widely believed that DPN is a devastating complication of DM characterized by complex molecular pathogenesis.…”