Correlation between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease in Korean adults

Abstract

BackgroundPeriodontitis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are important health issues; however, the association between periodontitis and CKD markers, especially in Korean adults, remains elusive.MethodsData on 15,729 Korean adults were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys IV and V. The CKD markers included a decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR;<60 mL/min/1.73 m2), proteinuria, and hematuria. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were measured using stepwise multivariate logistic regression analyses for CKD markers based on the presence of periodontitis.ResultsPatients with periodontitis had greater unadjusted ORs for CKD markers compared to those without periodontitis, as follows: decreased eGFR, 4.07 (3.11–5.33); proteinuria, 2.12 (1.48–3.05); and hematuria, 1.25 (1.13–1.39, all P<0.001). Periodontitis was a significant predictor of decreased eGFR independent of all covariates [1.39 (1.03–1.89), P=0.034]. However, the effect of periodontitis on decreased eGFR seemed to be affected by hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Periodontitis was not an independent predictor of proteinuria; the significance disappeared after adjusting for hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Periodontitis was significantly correlated with hematuria, leading to similar ORs regardless of the adjustment for covariates [1.29 (1.15–1.46), P<0.001].ConclusionThis study confirms the correlation between periodontitis and CKD markers, including decreased eGFR, proteinuria, and hematuria in Korean adults.

Periodontal and chronic kidney disease association: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Figure shows the flowchart for the search and study selection process. A total of 17 studies was selected and included, of which nine studies reported periodontal disease as the exposure and CKD as the outcome . Alternately, eight reported the association of CKD as the exposure and periodontal disease as the outcome …”

Association between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Most of the included studies demonstrated an association between CKD and periodontitis, with ORs ranging from 1.39 (1.03–1.89) (Han et al., ) to 4.0 (2.7–5.9) (Sharma et al., ). When considering the type of study, all the cohort studies found an association between CKD and periodontitis (Grubbs et al., ), (Grubbs et al., ) (Iwasaki et al., ), whereas, some cross‐sectional (Messier et al., ) and case–control (Brotto et al., ) studies failed to find it.…”

The directional and non‐directional associations of periodontitis with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies

“…Table describes the characteristics of 7 case‐control studies and 38 cross‐sectional studies on the non‐directional association, and lists them in reverse publication order . Among them, 24 had a statistical analysis, but 7 did not consider any confounding factors (Appendix A) .…”