Correlation between periodontitis and prostate-specific antigen levels in the elderly Chinese male population

Abstract

Background The comparison of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels among older individuals with different periodontal statuses has not been fully investigated. Here we aimed to explore the correlation between the staging and grading of periodontitis and PSA levels in an elderly Chinese male population, which may lead to a biopsy recommendation and prevent prostate cancer as early as possible. Methods The study included 996 individuals aged ≥ 55 years who participated in routine postretirement physical examinations. Periodontal data included probing depth and gingival recession on four sites/tooth and on two diagonal quadrants (1–3 or 2–4) while excluding third molars, and clinical attachment loss was calculated. Periodontal status was classified as none, mild-moderate or severe periodontitis according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Periodontology case definition. Blood samples, oral health status and sociodemographic characteristics were collected by using general and oral examinations and questionnaires. Linear and logistic regressions were used to estimate the correlation between periodontitis severity and PSA levels, respectively. Results A total of 479 men had mild-moderate periodontitis and 355 had severe periodontitis; 162 men were periodontally healthy individuals. After adjusting for potential confounders, PSA levels were significantly lower in the individuals without periodontitis than in those with mild-moderate (P = 0.04) or severe (P = 0.03) periodontitis. However, PSA levels did not significantly correlate with periodontitis severity (P = 0.06). Although the ORs of elevated PSA were not significant, individuals with PSA ≥ 4.0 ng/mL were more likely to have periodontitis. Conclusions In a sample of an elderly Chinese male population, after adjusting for possible confounders, serum PSA levels in individuals with periodontitis were significantly higher than those in individuals without periodontitis, but serum PSA did not significantly correlate with periodontitis severity.

The Influence of Oral Health Care on Prevalence of Urinary Symptoms and mean plasma Prostatic Surface Antigen (PSA) concentration in a Population of Nigerian Adult Males

“…As reported in this study, mean PSA was seen to be highest among those with hesitancy (10.3ng/mL) and frequency (4.4ng/L). The values were also significantly reduced after the dental intervention in agreement with the findings by Mao et all that showed significant reduction in mean PSA in patients without periodontis compared to those with periodontitis [18].…”

“…Presence of xerostimia also showed significant association with mean PSA is xerostomia. Mean PSA of patients with xerostomia reported in this study is 8.9ng/mL, this is above the threshold level of developing PC [18]. Presence of xerostomia are has linked with proliferaton of oral infection due to the absence of the antiinammatory functions of saliva.…”

“…The presense of oral chronic inflammatory diseases such as chronic periodontitis has been repoeted to be associated with high plasma PSA concentration and to exhibit potential roles in pathogenesis of carcinigenssis [18]. Therefore, as reccomemdened from earlier studies [21,22], routine dental consultations and accompanied dental interventions will not only relieve the oral symptoms, but are also advantageous in the management of adult man that are at risk of developing prostatic carcinoma.…”

“…Plaque produces bacteria and fungi infections which has been reported to shows bi directional relationship wiuth propstatic cancer. The resulting chronic inflammation tends to increase the PSA production, and subsequently developing of PC, although the mechanism of cation is still largely unclear [18]. The fact that significant reduction of mean PSA was observed after dental intervention is an indication that the presence of dental plaque may serve as source of irritation that may produce immune response that may trigger carcinigenesis.…”

“…As shown in this study, treatment of xerostomia leads to significant reduction of mean PSA. Good oral health care has been reported to reduce the risk of developing PC [18].…”