Correlation between Reduced FEF25-75% and a Positive Methacholine Challenge Test in Adults with Nonobstructive Baseline Spirometry

Abstract

Rationale. FEF25-75% is routinely reported on spirometry and is thought to be a marker of small airway obstruction. It is reduced in children with asthma, but its significance in adults and especially those without asthma diagnosis remains unclear. Objective. To clarify whether in adults with a nonobstructive spirometry a reduced FEF25-75% is associated with a positive methacholine challenge test (MCT). Methods. Data was collected for all the patients who had a MCT done between April 2014 and January 2020 but had nonobstructive baseline spirometry. Logistic regression was utilized to estimate the log odds of a positive methacholine test as a function of FEF25-75% and also for age, gender, BMI, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC. Results. Out of 496 patients, 187 (38%) had a positive MCT. Baseline characteristics in two groups were similar except that patients with positive MCT were younger ( 32 ± 11.57 vs. 38 ± 13.25 years, respectively, p < 0.001 ). Mean FEF25-75% was lower in MCT positive ( 3.12 ± 0.99 L/s) vs. MCT negative ( 3.39 ± 0.97 L/s) patients, p = 0.003 . Logistic regression results suggest that MCT outcome is inversely related to FEF25-75%, age, and gender. Specifically, as FEF25-75% percentage of predicted value increases, the log odds of a positive MCT decrease ( odds ratio OR = 0.90 , 95% confidence intervals CI = 0.84 ‐ 0.96 , p = 0.002 ). Also, as age increases, the log odds of a positive MCT decrease ( OR = 0.95 , 95 % CI = 0.94 ‐ 0.97 , p < 0.001 ). Conclusions. Reduced FEF25-75% in adults with nonobstructive spirometry can predict a positive response to MCT in younger patients. However, this relationship becomes weaker with increasing age.

Role of FEF25–75 in characterizing outpatients with asthma in clinical practice

“…In addition, it has been recently demonstrated that reduced FEF 25–75 was predictive for positive methacholine challenge test in subjects with normal FEV 1 and FEV 1 /FVC values. In other words, an impaired FEF 25–75 value (< 65% of predicted) suggested the presence of bronchial hyperreactivity [ 23 ].…”

Sensitivity And Specificity of FEF25–75/Forced Vital Capacity for Diagnosing Restrictive Lung Disease

“…These conditions include obstructive lung diseases, like asthma, methacholine airway responsiveness, ambient ozone, torquetenovirus, anthracofibrosis, trawler fuel exhaust, ataxiatelangiectasia (AT), left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with morbid obesity, and BMI. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] The relationship between this ratio and restrictive lung disease has not been directly studied in previous studies.…”

Sensitivity And Specificity of FEF25–75/Forced Vital Capacity for Diagnosing Restrictive Lung Disease

“…These conditions include obstructive lung diseases, like asthma, methacholine airway responsiveness, ambient ozone, torquetenovirus, anthracofibrosis, trawler fuel exhaust, ataxiatelangiectasia (AT), left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with morbid obesity, and BMI. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] The relationship between this ratio and restrictive lung disease has not been directly studied in previous studies.…”