Correlation between Retinopathy, Nephropathy and Peripheral Neuropathy among Adult Sudanese Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a worldwide common metabolic disorder. Increasing prevalence of diabetes, lack of proper education about the nature and course of the disease and necessary control are the main factors for an early onset of micro vascular complications. Objective: To correlate between retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy, among adult Sudanese diabetic patients at Elshaab Teaching hospital, Ahmed Gasim Teaching hospital and Gabber Abu Eleaz centre, from December 2006 to September 2008. Methodology: This is a descriptive prospective cross sectional hospital based study, 71 patients were included. Result: Male to female ratio was1.4:1.Common age group affected was 60-69 (32.4%).Common duration of diabetes mellitus was 20-24 years (23.9%).All patients who had diabetes for 25 years or more had developed complications (19.7%).The commonest long term microvascular complication was found to be retinopathy (71.2%), followed by neuropathy (69 %) and nephropathy (50.7%).It was found that (47.6%) of our patients had the three complications. Conclusion: Long-term micro vascular complications affect male more than female, with average age of onset 60-69 years. All patients who had diabetes for 25 years or more had developed complications. Retinopathy is the most common micro vascular complication, followed by neuropathy. There is a significant correlation between retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy in association with the duration and control of blood glucose level.

Ocular Evaluation in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease- A Hospital Based Study

“…Moderate and severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy were seen in higher grades of chronic renal failure. Our results are in comparison with this study [32]. DR is invariably present in cases of diabetic nephropathy and more severe forms of retinopathy are observed with progression of renal disease.…”

Prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Totally, 1,278 studies were retrieved, of which, 1,261 studies were found from six international databases and the remaining 17 were through manual search. Databases includes; PubMed 161 [44,45], 2 research paper from Egypt [46,47],the remaining was from Ghana [15],Uganda [48],and Tanzania [49]. The highest prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (83.4%) and the lowest (7.5%) were reported from Nigeria.…”

“…A total of 23 studies with 269,691 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Overall information regarding the prevalence was obtained from various areas across Africa: 10 studies from Nigeria [14, 18-20, 22, 36-40], 4 article from Ethiopia[16, 24, 41, 42], 2 studies from Cameroon[23, 43], 2 article from Sudan[44, 45], 2 research paper from Egypt[46, 47],the remaining was from Ghana [15],Uganda [48],and Tanzania [49]. The highest prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (83.4%) and the lowest (7.5%) were reported from Nigeria.…”

Prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…A total of 23 studies with 269,691 study participants were included in this meta-analysis. Overall information regarding the prevalence of DPN in DM patients was obtained from various countries across Africa including 10 studies from Nigeria [14, 18-20, 22, 37-41], four from Ethiopia [16,24,42,43], two from Cameroon [23,44], two from Sudan [45,46], two from Egypt [47,48], and one each from Ghana [15], Uganda [49], and Tanzania [50]. The highest and lowest prevalence of DPN was 83.4% [22] and 7.5% [41] respectively, which were reported from Nigeria.…”