Correlation between social support, self-efficacy and health-promoting behavior in hemodialysis patients hospitalized in Karaj in 2015

Abstract

BackgroundIn hemodialysis, as a choice of treatment due to long treatment duration, the patient encounters limitations. Perceived social support, perceived self-efficacy and health promoting activities are important strategies to facilitate and maintain their health.AimTo determine the correlation between social support, self-efficacy and health promoting behaviors in hemodialysis patients hospitalized in Karaj city in 2015.MethodsThis cross-sectional descriptive correlational study was carried out on 200 hemodialysis patients who were selected from four hospitals in Karaj based on cluster sampling. Data were collected using these methods: “General Questionnaire”, “Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale”, “Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale” and “Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile 2”. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 and the EQS 6.1. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis test, spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data. To determine the relation between perceived self-efficacy, perceived social support and health promoting behavior, structural equation modeling was applied.ResultsSelf-efficacy has a significant positive correlation with social support (r=0.592, p<0.001) and significant negative correlation with health-promoting behaviors (r=−0.709, p<0.001), and social support has a significant negative correlation with health-promoting behaviors (r=−0.709, p<0.001). Also, results showed that perceived self-efficacy had a greater role than perceived social support in explaining health-promoting behaviors.ConclusionThe relationship between health promoting behaviors, self-efficacy and social support reveals a necessity for Community Health Nursing planners, matrons and hospital managers and nurses to pay more attention to the needs of patients under hemodialysis. It is recommended that due to some unexpected findings in this study, further studies shall be fulfilled on the factors effective on the discussed variables.

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“…Based on our results, two options, "good" (50%) and "moderate" (31%) were found to be higher in healthy people, while the option "poor" was lower in healthy people (18%) than in type II diabetics (50%). The studies by Shojaeizadeh et al, Estebsari et al and Tol et al, in 2012 was consistent with the findings of this study (17,21,27,29,30).…”

“…Some studies were consistent with our results (1,17,22,31). Studies have shown that low physical activity is one of the major risk factors for diabetes, since, moderate or high physical activity is associated with a reduction in the risk of type II diabetes (29,30).…”

<p>Predictors of Health-Promoting Lifestyle in Pregnant Women Based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model</p>

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“…Accordingly, nurses spend the most time with patients undergoing hemodialysis and can impact their health outcomes. [22][23][24] For instance, nurses can educate patients to change their lifestyle and habits, and reduce their needs to emergency hemodialysis sessions. 25 Also, nurses have a responsibility for the provision of mental health support to hemodialysis patients, and prevention of further psychological problems due to the underlying disease.…”

“…Grigoriou et al believe that the treatment of depression in hemodialysis patients should be a multidimensional approach with the application of different strategies drawing on the skills of the healthcare team. Accordingly, nurses spend the most time with patients undergoing hemodialysis and can impact their health outcomes . For instance, nurses can educate patients to change their lifestyle and habits, and reduce their needs to emergency hemodialysis sessions .…”