Correlation between solidification parameters and weld microstructures

David, S. A.; Vitek, J.M.

doi:10.1179/imr.1989.34.1.213

Cited by 448 publications

(217 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…40) The previous section illustrated that, depending upon aluminum concentration, either an aluminum oxide reaction or an aluminum nitride reaction can be triggered. This reaction may lead to different amounts of aluminum remaining in the solution.…”

Section: Weld Solidification Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion Formation and Microstructure Evolution in Low Alloy Steel Welds.

Babu

David

2002

ISIJ International

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The paper presents an overview of research performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory on inclusion-formation, weld-solidification, and solid-state transformations in low-alloy steel welds. The competition between oxide and nitride formation in Fe-C-Al-Mn self-shielded flux-cored arc steel welds was predicted using computational thermodynamics. Nonequilibrium austenite phase selection was monitored in a Fe-CAl-Mn weld using an in situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction technique. The competition between acicular ferrite and bainite formation from austenite was evaluated in Fe-C-Mn steel welds containing small amounts of titanium.KEY WORDS: steel welds; inclusion formation; weld solidification; nonequilibrium phase transformations; bainite; acicular ferrite.

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Section: Weld Solidification Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion Formation and Microstructure Evolution in Low Alloy Steel Welds.

Babu

David

2002

ISIJ International

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“…The third region at the centre (region C in Fig 9) seems to be equiaxed zone which was previously observed in aluminium alloy welds [14]. It is expected that as the dendrites grow from bead boundary to centre, solutes will be rejected (as in casting), resulting in nucleation sites, and hence forming the equiaxed grains zone at the centre [8]. But, top view i.e.…”

Section: Microstructural Characterisation Of the Solid Blocksmentioning

confidence: 97%

Direct Laser Fabrication of INCONEL-718: Effects on Distortion and Microstructure

Parimi¹,

Attallah²,

Gebelin³

et al. 2012

Superalloys 2012 (Twelfth International Symposium)

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Limited work is available in the literature on the influence of Direct Laser Fabrication (DLF) on the microstructural homogeneity and the structural integrity (porosity and distortion) of the deposited structures or "builds". These issues are addressed in the current study for Inconel-718 (IN718), focusing on the influence of the tool (deposition) path on the distortion of the substrate, as well as the microstructural development (grain, precipitates and texture). Differing tool paths are shown to have a significant influence on the distortion exhibited; a strategy for optimising the tool paths is suggested. Due to the good weldability of IN718, the builds were crack-free, but there was a minor fraction of volumetric porosity (~0.02), which spatially varied across the build. The microstructural investigations showed that the build has a heterogeneous microstructure, with coarse columnar and equiaxed grains at the bead centre surrounded by fine equiaxed grains at the bead boundary. Electron-Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) was performed to rationalise the solidification behaviour and texture developed, and any influence of substrate microstructure. It is found that the grain orientation of the substrate has a significant influence on the build as the first few layers are deposited. However, there is no strong texture in the final microstructure. The build displays significant interdendritic segregation which promotes Laves, γ'', Ti and Nb rich carbides and consequently somewhat lower hardness when compared with wrought IN718.

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“…Esta velocidad de enfriamiento se encuentra por debajo de los valores altos para un proceso GMAW [23] . Sin embargo, el grado de subenfriamiento previo experimentado en el proceso de solidificación, favorece la obtención de un tamaño de grano fino, tal y como se muestra en la micrografía de la figura 9, correspondiente a la porción central de la soldadura para una unión por AEIM precalentada a 150 °C.…”

Section: I In Nt Tr Ro Od Du Uc Cc Ci Ió óN Nunclassified

Efecto de los ciclos térmicos de soldadura por arco eléctrico indirecto modificado (AEIM) en las propiedades mecánicas de la aleación AA6061-T6

Ambriz¹,

Barrera²,

Garcı́a³

et al. 2009

Rev. metal.

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42E Ef fe ec ct to o d de e l lo os s c ci ic cl lo os s t té ér rm mi ic co os s d de e s so ol ld da ad du ur ra a p po or r a ar rc co o e el lé éc ct tr ri ic co o i in nd di ir re ec ct to o m mo od di if fi ic ca ad do o ( (A AE EI IM M) ) e en n l la as s p pr ro op pi ie ed da ad de es s m me ec cá án ni ic ca as s d de e l la a a al le ea ac ci ió ón n A AA A6 60 06 61 1--T T6 6 ( (• •) ) Ricardo R. Ambriz*, Gerardo Barrera*, Rafael García* y Victor H. López* R Re es su um me en n Se presentan los resultados de medición de temperatura durante la soldadura por arco eléctrico indirecto modificado (AEIM) de la aleación AA6061-T6. Éstas, describen los ciclos térmicos de la zona afectada por el calor (ZAC) y en la zona de fusión. Los resultados muestran que las temperaturas máximas medidas en la ZAC se encuentran en un rango de 308 a 693 °C, dependiendo de la posición de los sensores, estas mediciones fueron correlacionadas con los resultados de resistencia a la tracción y la zona de fallo, reportados previamente por los autores [1] . Se observó que existe una disminución en la resistencia mecánica de las uniones, debido a los cambios microestructurales por la formación de precipitados sobreenvejecidos, β', de acuerdo con su diagrama de transformación (TTT). Las condiciones de enfriamiento en el baño fundido inherentes a la técnica por AEIM (un solo paso de soldadura), permitieron establecer las características de solidificación y microestructura esperada para una velocidad de enfriamiento determinada. P Pa al la ab br ra as s c cl la av ve eAleación de aluminio; Baño fundido; Zona afectada por el calor; Transformaciones; Sobreenvejecimiento; Ciclo tér-mico de soldadura.E Ef ff fe ec ct t o of f t th he e w we el ld d t th he er rm ma al l c cy yc cl le es s b by y t th he e m mo od di if fi ie ed d i in nd di ir re ec ct t e el le ec ct tr ri ic c a ar rc c ( (M MI IE EA A) ) o on n t th he e m me ec ch ha an ni ic ca al l p pr ro op pe er rt ti ie es s o of f t th he e A AA A6 60 06 61 1--T T6 6 a al ll lo oy y A Ab bs st tr ra ac ct tResults of temperature measurements during welding of 12.7 mm thick AA6061-T6 alloy plates by modified indirect electric arc (MIEA) are presented. This study describes the thermal cycles of the heat affected zone (HAZ) and also in the fusion zone. Depending upon the position of the transducers, the maximum temperatures measured in the HAZ range from 308 to 693 °C, these measurements were related with the tensile test results, and the failure zone reported previously by the authors [1]. It was observed that, there is a decrease in the mechanical strength of the welded joints, due to the microstructural changes suffered by AA6061-T6 alloy in which formation of the β' occurs according to the TTT transformation diagram. The inherent cooling conditions of the weld pool observed for the MIEA technique (only one pass of welding), have permitted to establish the characteristics of solidification and microstructure for a specific cooling rate. K Ke ey yw wo or rd ds sAluminum alloy; M...

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Correlation between solidification parameters and weld microstructures

Cited by 448 publications

References 34 publications

Inclusion Formation and Microstructure Evolution in Low Alloy Steel Welds.

Inclusion Formation and Microstructure Evolution in Low Alloy Steel Welds.

Direct Laser Fabrication of INCONEL-718: Effects on Distortion and Microstructure

Efecto de los ciclos térmicos de soldadura por arco eléctrico indirecto modificado (AEIM) en las propiedades mecánicas de la aleación AA6061-T6

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