Correlation between structural changes of M23C6 carbide and mechanical behaviour of P91 steel after thermal aging

Grybėnas, Albertas; Makarevičius, Vidas; Baltušnikas, Arūnas; Lukošiūtė, Irena; Kriūkienė, Rita

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2017.04.103

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Also, it should be mentioned that the PQ load is determined to have close to a linear As the numerical simulation results of fracture toughness at room temperature have a good coincidence with experiment data, the numerical prediction of the fracture toughness at elevated temperature, i.e., 550 • C, was carried out. Accordingly [18] the ageing time of steel can be recalculated into the IV generation nuclear reactor operation time regarding reactor design temperature. Hence, steel ageing time of 11,000 h at the 650 • C temperature does correspond approximately to 60 years of operation in an IV generation nuclear reactor at 550 • C. Numerical simulation results of fracture toughness dependencies on ageing time at elevated temperature are presented in Figure 12.…”

Section: Results Of Numerical Fracture Toughness Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Research of Fracture Toughness of Aged Ferritic-Martensitic Steel

Janulionis

Dundulis

Grybėnas

2020

Metals

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Generally, material properties such as the modulus of elasticity, yield strength or fracture toughness are determined by conducting an experiment. Sometimes experimental determination cannot be done due to specific experimental conditions, lack of testing material and so on. Also, experiments are time consuming and costly. Therefore, there arises the need for alternative determination methods. A numerical method for the fracture toughness determination of steel P91 is suggested in this paper. For this purpose, the universal finite element software ABAQUS was used. The numerical simulation of the C(T) specimen tension test was carried out using non-linear simulation for a conditional load PQ determination, and linear simulation for fracture toughness value KQ determination. The suggested method is validated by comparing numerical and experimental tests results. The secondary aim of the paper is the evaluation of the ageing effect on the fracture toughness of steel P91. Thermal ageing of the steel was carried out in an electric furnace at 650 °C up to 11,000 h. As the numerical results had a good coincidence with experimental data at room temperature, the prediction of fracture toughness at elevated temperature, i.e., 550 °C, using numerical method was carried out.

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Section: Results Of Numerical Fracture Toughness Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Research of Fracture Toughness of Aged Ferritic-Martensitic Steel

Janulionis

Dundulis

Grybėnas

2020

Metals

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“…Along with the lowering of the temperature, the diffusion across grain boundaries becomes more important. As the results of the research showed, it was not only chromium atoms that were drained, but molybdenum atoms as well [50,51]. If the temperature allows for a diffusion of substitutional atoms, iron atoms are replaced by chromium [52] or molybdenum [51] in carbides.…”

Section: Phase Transformations During Iatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the results of the research showed, it was not only chromium atoms that were drained, but molybdenum atoms as well [50,51]. If the temperature allows for a diffusion of substitutional atoms, iron atoms are replaced by chromium [52] or molybdenum [51] in carbides. The mentioned exchange of atoms leads to the expansion of carbides lattice parameter and the coarsening of these carbides [53].…”

Section: Phase Transformations During Iatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Intermediate Annealing Treatment on the Kinetics of Bainitic Transformation in X37CrMoV5-1 Steel

et al. 2021

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Intermediate annealing treatment (IAT) is a new process that accelerates the bainitic transformation in steels. This stimulation is crucial, especially in the prolonged production of nanobainitic steels. Among other recognised methods, it seems to be an effective and economical process. However, there are very few research works in this area. The objective of this study was to collate microstructural changes caused by IAT with differences in the kinetics of the subsequent bainitic transformation in the X37CrMoV5-1 tool steel. Differential dilatometry, LM and SEM microscopic observations, EDS and XRD analysis, and computer simulations were used to investigate the effect of IAT on the kinetics of bainitic transformation. The study has revealed that introducing an additional isothermal heating stage immediately after austenitising significantly affects the kinetics of bainitic transformation—it can accelerate or suppress it. The type and strength of the effect depends on the concentration, distribution, and morphology of the precipitations that occurred during IAT.

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“…So far, various research has been conducted on the effects of changing microstructure by heat treatment on the mechanical properties of steels. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Tsai et al 19 studied the effect of heat treatment aging process on the vibrational properties of Mg-Zr alloy and found that increasing the temperature of this process led to the appearance of twin structures in the metal matrix, which plays an essential role in the damping of the specimens. Zhang et al 20 evaluated the effect of grain refinement on A356 alloy damping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical investigation of the effect of microstructural changes on the vibrational characteristics of ck35 steel

Amirian

Torshizi

Dibajian

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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This study aims to identify the microstructural changes of metal by measuring its natural frequency and damping loss factor. For this purpose, six CK35 steel specimens with ferritic-pearlitic structure were prepared and then, four specimens were spheroidized to significantly change microstructures. Subsequently, the modal testing was applied to determine the vibrational characteristics of specimens with ferrite-pearlite and spheroidized structures, which were identical in terms of size and weight. Experimental results indicated that the dispersion of spheroidized carbides in the ferritic matrix could increase natural frequencies and damping loss factors, such that changing the microstructure of specimens increased the natural frequency and damping loss factor of the first vibration mode by 0.4 (from 3732 to 3747 Hz) and 15%, respectively. Finally, a microstructure-based finite element model was developed to interpret experimental results. The representative volume element (RVE) was modeled using image processing and writing scripts in ABAQUS/CAE 2016. The statistical analysis of stresses calculated by finite element analysis confirmed the results obtained by experimental tests. The numerical results showed that changing microstructures led to considerable changes in stress statistical dispersion, although the mean stress value did not change. Ultimately, the approximate formula of stress-damping could explain significant changes in the damping loss factor.

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Correlation between structural changes of M23C6 carbide and mechanical behaviour of P91 steel after thermal aging

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Numerical Research of Fracture Toughness of Aged Ferritic-Martensitic Steel

Numerical Research of Fracture Toughness of Aged Ferritic-Martensitic Steel

Influence of Intermediate Annealing Treatment on the Kinetics of Bainitic Transformation in X37CrMoV5-1 Steel

Experimental and numerical investigation of the effect of microstructural changes on the vibrational characteristics of ck35 steel

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