Correlation between surface-hardness degradation and erosion resistance of carbon steel—Effects of slurry chemistry

Effects of laser surface melting on erosion–corrosion of X65 steel in liquid–solid jet impingement conditions

“…There is a linear correlation between the accelerated erosion and surface hardness degradation for carbon steel [36], since LSM can greatly improve the surface hardness of X65 steel, therefore, erosion resistance significantly enhanced after LSM treatment.…”

On a multiphysics approach to modelling the erosion–enhanced corrosion of low–alloy carbon steel in chloride containing environments

“…Whereas corrosion and erosion are relatively well understood as separate processes, the synergy term is a multifactorial problem [2][3][4][5][6] that requires taking into account: 1) properties of the alloy target [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]: its hardness, modulus of elasticity, toughness, chemical composition and microstructure, 2) characteristics of the dispersed phase [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]: its density, hardness, size, angularity and concentration of the slurry particle are the most relevant, as well as 3) properties and conditions of the flow medium in which the particles are suspended [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]: its velocity, impact angle, viscosity, pH, pressure and chemical composition.…”

“…The research phase on identifying the mechanisms of E-C synergy is an on-going challenge [49], because of the high number of individual processes. These processes can be summarized by a semi-empirical model [50][51][52] that would relate the previously cited parameters with one or more of the following mechanisms: damage of the passive film by the erodent [53,54], strain hardening of the target [55][56][57][58], surface deformation due to erosion-induced pitting [59], the effect of erosion increasing the mass transfer coefficient hence erosion-corrosion rate erosion [60,61], enhancement of wear due to micro-galvanic corrosion between metallic phases [10] or local anodic/cathodic sites [58], influence of corrosion on the mechanical properties of the target material [36,62], the enhancement of wear by oxide layer formation [63,64], enhancement of wear due to intergranular corrosion [65,66], weakening of eroded metallic flakes/lips on the metal surface due to localized corrosion [57]. However, quantification of all these individual mechanisms for a given alloy/slurry system presents some challenges in practice, and hence, a method for predicting erosion-corrosion performance of an alloy employed in a slurry pipeline based on laboratory data remains to be solved [67].…”

An Overview of Major Experimental Methods and Apparatus for Measuring and Investigating Erosion-Corrosion of Ferrous-Based Steels

“…The rotating disc/cylinder electrode system is widely used in the study of flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) and erosion-corrosion since 1950 due to its relative low cost and convenient operation [44][45][46][47]. It is seen from Figure 2 that two forms of rotating disc/cylinder systems are adopted in erosion-corrosion studies [7,30,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. Both test sets are composed of a three-electrode system and a rotation disc/cylinder to simulate a hydrodynamic condition.…”