Correlation between the Flow and Curing Behavior of Hard Magnetic Fillers in Thermosets and the Magnetic Properties

Rösel, Uta; Drummer, Dietmar

doi:10.3390/magnetism1010004

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Several factors were detected to affect the flow and curing behaviour of polymer-bonded magnets based on an epoxy resin (EP), whereby those factors can be applied to any filler system with a high filler amount in a thermoset compound due to the fact that they are based on the material behaviour of particles. Within this paper, it was shown that SrFeO acts like an adhesive filler in a network, being integrated, whereas NdFeB displays a network with a non-adhesive force, creating a hole in the network [30]. This theory of the filler behaviour in the network based on [29] is assumed to influence the viscosity of the compound systems, and with that a correlation to the magnetic and mechanical properties is likely.…”

Section: Flow Behaviour and Reaction Kinetics Of Thermosetsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…This is portrayed in Figure 1B [29]. In [30], the influence of hard magnetic particles on the flow and curing behaviour of highly filled thermoset-based compounds was investigated. Several factors were detected to affect the flow and curing behaviour of polymer-bonded magnets based on an epoxy resin (EP), whereby those factors can be applied to any filler system with a high filler amount in a thermoset compound due to the fact that they are based on the material behaviour of particles.…”

Section: Flow Behaviour and Reaction Kinetics Of Thermosetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, Figure 8 depicts the assumed structure for both the matrix and filler systems analyzed in this paper. The classification is based on the general theory of [29] and mainly, in terms of the thermosetbased compounds, on our own measurements, further described in [30] in terms of the filler. As illustrated, EP reaches a high cross-link density ϕ link compared to PF, and SrFeO is (partly) integrated in the matrix, whereas NdFeB is loose in the network structure without adhesive forces.…”

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Effect of Material Parameters on the Processability of Injection-Molded Thermoset-Based Bonded Magnets

Rösel

Drummer

2022

Magnetism

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The applications of bonded magnets in the field of injection-molded samples can be expanded by thermoset-based polymer-bonded magnets, as thermosets provide the opportunity to comply with the demands of, for example, the chemical industry or pump systems in drive applications through to their improved chemical and thermal resistance, viscosity and creep behaviour, especially compared to thermoplastic-based magnets. This paper investigates the influence of the matrix material (epoxy resin, phenolic resin), the filler type (strontium-ferrite-oxide, neodymium-iron-boron) and the filler grade on the reaction kinetics and the viscosity. Based on the determination of the impact, the theory of the network structure is founded. The network and the cross-linked structure are essential to know, as they significantly define not only the material but also the sample behaviour. The correlation between the material system and the mechanical as well as the magnetic properties is portrayed based on the general understanding of the behaviour in terms of the reaction kinetics and the viscosity as well as the theory of the network structure. With that, a basic understanding of the correlation within the material system (matrix, filler, filler grade) and between the reaction kinetics, the network and the cross-linked structure was determined, which gives the opportunity to change the mechanical and the magnetic properties based on the analyzed impact factors and to expand the applications of bonded magnets in the field of thermoset-based ones.

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Section: Flow Behaviour and Reaction Kinetics Of Thermosetsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Flow Behaviour and Reaction Kinetics Of Thermosetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Effect of Material Parameters on the Processability of Injection-Molded Thermoset-Based Bonded Magnets

Rösel

Drummer

2022

Magnetism

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“…[20] proved that a pure iron phase within the filler NdFeMo-N supports the growth of magnetic domains in EP-based systems by nucleation [20]. The first methodical attempts to generate a basic and fundamental understanding of thermoset-based polymer bonded magnets, fabricated in the injection moulding process, were made in [21,22], where a material model in terms of the cross-link structures between the filler and the matrix material was found. Further, the influence of this model, or more precisely the influence of the material properties on the magnetic and mechanical properties, was characterized.…”

Section: Magnetic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension of the Application Range of Multipolar Bonded Ring Magnets by Thermosets in Comparison to Thermoplastics

Rösel

Drummer

2023

Magnetism

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To expand the range of applications of multipolar bonded magnets based on a thermoplastic matrix, the chemical and thermal resistance has to be increased and the reduced orientation in the rapid solidified surface layer has to be overcome. To meet these requirements, the matrix of multipolar bonded magnets can be based on thermosets. This paper investigates in the magnetic properties, especially in the orientation of hard magnetic fillers, the pole accuracy and the mechanical properties of multipolar bonded ring magnets based on the hard magnetic filler strontium-ferrite-oxide and compares the possibilities of thermoplastic (polyamide)- and thermoset (epoxy resin, phenolic resin)-based matrices. It was shown that the magnetic potential of the thermoset-based material can only be fully used with further magnetization. However, the magnetic properties can be increased using thermoset-based compounds compared to thermoplastics in multipolar bonded ring magnets. Further, a model of the orientation and pole accuracy is found in terms of thermoset-based multipolar magnets. In addition, the change of the mechanical properties due to the different matrix systems was shown, with an increase in E-Modulus, Et, and a reduction in tensile strength, σm, and elongation at break, εm, in terms of thermosets compared to thermoplastics.

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“…These devices contain different groups of magnetic materials, which are expected to have the best possible properties with minimum investment [1][2][3]. That is why researchers all over the globe are trying to meet the need by creating new alloy compositions or different composites and even their preparation can have a significant influence on their final magnetic properties [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Impact of Different Milling Parameters of Fe/SiO2 Composites on Their Structural and Magnetic Properties

Rudeichuk,

Olekšáková,

Maciaszek

et al. 2024

Materials

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This research focuses on the production process of soft magnetic composites in the form of 3D bulk compacts made from insulated powder particles using different milling parameters, aiming to enhance their magnetic properties and to study an innovative method of the powder surface “smoothing” technique. A structure analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDS, and optical microscopy is also included. We found out that the samples made by the innovative method have lower density values. This can be caused by a more consistent SiO2 insulation layer on highly pure iron powder particles. A correlation between the mechanical smoothing method and better insulation of powder particles can help to provide eco-friendlier solutions for the preparation of soft magnetic composites, such as less usage of reagents and more consistent coverage of powder particles with lower final insulation thickness. The magnetic properties of these compacts are evaluated by coercive field, permeability, and loss measurements. The particle-level smoothing technique in some cases can reduce the value of coercivity up to 20%. For some samples, the ball-to-powder ratio has a bigger impact on magnetic properties than surface treatment, which can be caused by an increased amount of insulation in the SMC compacts.

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Correlation between the Flow and Curing Behavior of Hard Magnetic Fillers in Thermosets and the Magnetic Properties

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Understanding the Effect of Material Parameters on the Processability of Injection-Molded Thermoset-Based Bonded Magnets

Understanding the Effect of Material Parameters on the Processability of Injection-Molded Thermoset-Based Bonded Magnets

Extension of the Application Range of Multipolar Bonded Ring Magnets by Thermosets in Comparison to Thermoplastics

Exploring the Impact of Different Milling Parameters of Fe/SiO2 Composites on Their Structural and Magnetic Properties

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