Correlation Between the Severity of Esophageal Varices in Portal Cirrhosis and their Propensity Toward Hemorrhage

UK guidelines on the management of variceal haemorrhage in cirrhotic patients

“…Variable results in the literature are because of the lack of a definition regarding the distinction between large and small varices. Numerous studies11 14 have shown that the risk of variceal haemorrhage increases with the size of varices 15…”

Portal Pressure Decrease After Esophagogastric Devascularization and Splenectomy in Schistosomiasis: Long-Term Varices Behavior, Rebleeding Rate, and Role of Endoscopic Treatment

“…Patients were submitted to preoperative upper digestive endoscopy, and postoperatively usually at the 30th postoperative day. Varices were assessed by number, location, and caliber and classified according to the adapted Paquet (11) and Palmer and Brick (5) endoscopic criteria (FIGURE 1).…”

“…Studies have shown that one third of patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis may develop gastrointestinal bleeding due to esophageal varices rupture (5) with a mortality rate of up to 11.7% in the first bleeding episode (6) . The importance of this disease regarding public health was demonstrated by a survey from the Brazilian Ministry of Health between 1998 and 2009 that showed an annual mortality rate estimated between 0.2 and 0.34 deaths per 100.000 inhabitants (1) .…”

Increased Hepatic Arterial Blood Flow Measured by Hepatic Perfusion Index in Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis: New Concepts for an Old Disease

“…Presence of esophageal varices was graduated according to the Palmer-Brick classification (F1: \3 mm; F2: 3-6 mm; F3: [6 mm) [24].…”