Correlation between type IIIA CRISPR–Cas system and SCCmec in Staphylococcus epidermidis

Zhu, Tao; Zhao, Yanfeng

doi:10.1007/s00203-021-02595-x

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…The acquired immune defense of the bacterial CRISPR system limits the horizontal transfer of drug resistance genes, thus making bacteria sensitive to antimicrobial drugs to a certain extent [ 117 ]. In the study of Staphylococcus aureus , it was found that the CRISPR-Cas system can limit the horizontal transfer of bacterial drug resistance genes and prevent the spread of drug resistance genes among staphylococci [ 118 ]. A study [ 119 ] has shown that multidrug-resistant enterococci lack CRISPR/Cas system elements, suggesting that the CRISPR/Cas system in bacteria may play an important role in hindering drug resistance transmission.…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Transfer Of Antibiotic Resistance Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spread of Antibiotic Resistance Genes In Vivo Model

Tao

Liang

et al. 2022

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a major public health threat. The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment or clinical setting pose a serious threat to human and animal health worldwide. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARGs is one of the main reasons for the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in vitro and in vivo environments. There is a consensus on the role of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the spread of bacterial resistance. Most drug resistance genes are located on plasmids, and the spread of drug resistance genes among microorganisms through plasmid-mediated conjugation transfer is the most common and effective way for the spread of multidrug resistance. Experimental studies of the processes driving the spread of antibiotic resistance have focused on simple in vitro model systems, but the current in vitro protocols might not correctly reflect the HGT of antibiotic resistance genes in realistic conditions. This calls for better models of how resistance genes transfer and disseminate in vivo. The in vivo model can better mimic the situation that occurs in patients, helping study the situation in more detail. This is crucial to develop innovative strategies to curtail the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in the future. This review aims to give an overview of the mechanisms of the spread of antibiotic resistance genes and then demonstrate the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in the in vivo model. Finally, we discuss the challenges in controlling the spread of antibiotic resistance genes and their potential solutions.

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Section: Factors Influencing the Transfer Of Antibiotic Resistance Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%