Correlation Cosmic Ray Intensity Based on Variation in Solar Activity and Interplanetary Plasma Parameters Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

Abstract

For a long time, scientists have been investigating the relationship between the strength of cosmic rays and the number of sunspots. Several studies have discovered an anti-correlation between cosmic ray power and the number of sunspots, with some differences in time lag between solar cycles. So far, the distinctions that have surfaced are a mystery. This effort will estimate solar activity and interplanetary space parameters such as the sunspot number, solar wind speed, Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF), Heliospheric Current Sheet (HCS) tilt, and halo CME speed. The data ranges from 1749 to 2022, with time resolutions ranging from daily to monthly. To study the association between cosmic ray intensity and these five qualities, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) approach was utilized. According to the data, all measurements demonstrate an anti-correlation with the intensity of cosmic rays. They also contribute to the modification of cosmic rays.