Correlation of AIM2 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from humans with acute and chronic hepatitis B

Wu, Di; Xu, Gaixia; Lu, Shemin; Ma, Bo-Lin; Miao, Nai-Zhou; Liu, Xiaobin; Yan-ping, Cheng; Jin, Feng; Liu, Zhigang; Feng-Ding,; Na-Liu,; Li, Weiqin; Zhao, Yingren

doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2013.01.022

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…During the innate immune response to invading HBV, activated AIM2 may bind to ASC, inducing activation of caspase-1 and releasing IL-1β [7]. Similar results were obtained in the recent Wu study focusing on the relationship between AIM2 expression and acute and chronic hepatitis B infection [16], suggesting that AIM2 plays an important role in both HBV-GN and hepatitis B infection. As long as HBV is present, AIM2 may be activated and lead to subsequent inflammatory injury.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Moreover, our results indicated that the positive expression rate of AIM2 in the high replication group (HBV-DNA ≥ 1 × 10 5 copies/ml) was significantly higher than that of the low replication group (HBV-DNA < 1 × 10 5 copies/ml), suggesting that high HBV load led to the increase in AIM2 expression. A recent study focusing on the relationship between AIM2 expression and acute and chronic hepatitis B infection showed that AIM2 mRNA expression was negatively correlated with serum HBV load [16]. This study included acute hepatitis B (AHB) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of AIM2 is high and correlated with inflammation in hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis

Zhen

Zheng

et al. 2013

J Inflamm

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Background & aimsInnate immunity is the first line of defense against invasive microbial infection, and AIM2 plays an important role in this process by sensing double-stranded DNA viruses. However, the role of AIM2 in regulating the immune response to viruses in vivo, especially in sensing hepatitis B virus (HBV), has not been examined. We hypothesized that the expression of AIM2 increases corresponding to HBV-mediated inflammation in patients with hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN), a condition which activates inflammatory mechanisms and causes renal damage. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the expression of AIM2 in HBV-GN patients in relation to the inflammatory response to HBV infection.MethodsA total of 79 patients diagnosed with chronic nephritis (CN) were enrolled in this study, including 54 HBV-GN patients as the experimental group and 24 chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) patients as the negative control group. Six patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were also enrolled as positive controls. Each CN patient received renal biopsy, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of AIM2 and inflammatory factors caspase-1 and IL-1β in the biopsy specimens. CHB patients received liver puncture biopsy, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of AIM2 in these specimens. Expression of AIM 2 among different groups and in relation to inflammatory factors caspase-1 and IL-1β was analyzed.ResultsThe expression of AIM2 in HBV-GN patients (81.4%) was significantly higher than in CGN patients (4.0%). Among the HBV-GN patients, expression of AIM2 was significantly higher in the high HBV replication group than in the low HBV replication group. AIM2 expression was not correlated with age, gender, HBeAg status in serum, HBV-antigen type deposited in renal tissue or pathological type of HBV-GN. However, AIM2 levels were positively correlated with the expression of caspase-1 and IL-1β in HBV-GN patients. The data suggest that AIM2 expression is directly correlated with HBV infection-associated inflammation.ConclusionThe elevation of AIM2 during HBV infection or replication may contribute to its associated inflammatory damage, thus providing a putative therapeutic target and a new avenue for researching the pathogenesis of HBV-GN.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of AIM2 is high and correlated with inflammation in hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis

Zhen

Zheng

et al. 2013

J Inflamm

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“…Expression of AIM2, IL-1β and IL-18 in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected human PBMCs correlates with viral load, and AIM2 expression is lower in chronic as compared to acute cases [26]. AIM2 expression also correlates with renal damage during HBV infection, possibly indicating that AIM2 enhances immunopathology during HBV infection [27,28], but a definitive role remains to be determined.…”

Section: Alr Inflammasomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammasome control of viral infection

Lupfer

Malik

Kanneganti

2015

Current Opinion in Virology

138

122

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The inflammasome is a caspase-1 containing complex that activates the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 and results in the proinflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis. Numerous recent publications have highlighted the importance of inflammasome activation in the control of virus infection. Inflammasome activation during viral infection is dependent on a variety of upstream receptors including the NOD-Like receptor, RIG-I-Like receptor and AIM2-Like receptor families. Various receptors also function in inflammasome activation in different cellular compartments, including the cytoplasm and the nucleus. The effectiveness of inflammasomes at suppressing virus replication is highlighted by the prevalence and diversity of virus encoded inflammasome inhibitors. Also, the host has a myriad of regulatory mechanisms in place to prevent unwanted inflammasome activation and overt inflammation. Finally, recent reports begin to suggest that inflammasome activation and inflammasome modulation may have important clinical applications. Herein, we highlight recent advances and discuss potential future directions toward understanding the role of inflammasomes during virus infection.

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“…Increased level of IL-18 in peripheral blood provided protection against expansion of infection, which is applied to both HCV and HBV infection (220). The expression of AIM in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was enhanced in acute hepatitis B compared with chronic hepatitis B (221). It suggests impaired clearance of viruses and suppressed immune responses is associated with chronic infection of hepatitis B.…”

Section: Transformation Between Inflammation and Cancers: Relevant DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammasomes in Inflammation-Induced Cancer

Lin

Zhang

2017

Front. Immunol.

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The inflammasome is an important multiprotein complex that functions during inflammatory immune responses. The activation of inflammasome will lead to the autoactivation of caspase-1 and subsequent cleavage of proIL-1β and proIL-18, which are key sources of inflammatory manifestations. Recently, the roles of inflammasomes in cancers have been extensively explored, especially in inflammation-induced cancers. In different and specific contexts, inflammasomes exhibit distinct and even contrasting effects in cancer development. In some cases, inflammasomes initiate carcinogenesis through the extrinsic pathway and maintain the malignant cancer microenvironment through the intrinsic pathway. On the contrary, inflammasomes also exert anticancer effects by specialized programmed cell death called pyroptosis and immune regulatory functions. The phases and compartments in which inflammasomes are activated strongly influence the final immune effects. We systemically summarize the functions of inflammasomes in inflammation-induced cancers, especially in gastrointestinal and skin cancers. Besides, information about the current therapeutic use of inflammasome-related products and potential future developing directions are also introduced.

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Correlation of AIM2 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from humans with acute and chronic hepatitis B

Cited by 32 publications

References 34 publications

Expression of AIM2 is high and correlated with inflammation in hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis

Expression of AIM2 is high and correlated with inflammation in hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis

Inflammasome control of viral infection

Inflammasomes in Inflammation-Induced Cancer

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