Correlation of Differential Expression of Silkworm Antimicrobial Peptide Genes with Different Amounts of Rel Family Proteins and Their Gene Transcriptional Activity

Tanaka, Hiromitsu; Sagisaka, Aki; Nakajima, Yuichi; Fujita, Kosuke; Imanishi, Shigeo; Yamakawa, Minoru

doi:10.1271/bbb.80685

Cited by 25 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…4B). In this cell line, DAP-type PGN can trigger expression of the CecB1 gene, whereas Lys-type PGN cannot, 16,32) suggesting that induction of CecB1 gene expression is provoked through the Imd pathway activated by DAP-type PGN of autoclaved E. coli cells. Although 12 peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP) genes have been identified in the B. mori genome, 13) it remains unclear which PGRP plays a role in the recognition of PGN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…15) Functional analysis of BmRelA, BmRelB, BmRelish1, and BmRelish2 has suggested that a minor structural change in Rel proteins can provoke dramatic differential activation of antimicrobial peptide genes. [14][15][16] In this study, we tried to survey and characterize a cDNA encoding a Cactus homolog from B. mori. Functional analysis of this clone (BmCactus) suggested that it is involved in the Toll pathway in B. mori.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16) For BmCactus expression vector construction, BmCactus cDNA was digested with SacI and NotI, and the resulting fragment containing the open reading frame with the non-coding region was ligated into the SacI and NotI sites of the pOpIE2-PacPL vector. As a control, -galactosidase expression vector pOpIE2-CH110 16) was used.…”

Section: Construction Of Expression Vectors Thementioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Characterization of a Cactus Homolog from the SilkwormBombyx mori

Furukawa

Tanaka

Ishibashi

et al. 2009

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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A cDNA encoding an IB family protein was identified and the full nucleotide sequence was determined in the silkworm Bombyx mori. The IB gene, designated BmCactus, was constitutively expressed mainly in the fat body and hemocytes. Transfection experiments on a B. mori cell line, NIAS-Bm-aff3, with expression vectors containing BmCactus, BmRelA, BmRelB, or the active portion of BmRelish1 showed that activation of the CecB1 gene promoter by either BmRelA or BmRelB, but not the active portion of BmRelish1, was strongly inhibited by BmCactus. In addition, activation of CecB1 gene by autoclaved E. coli in the cultured cells was observed regardless of the presence or absence of BmCactus. A gultathione S-transferase pull-down assay and analysis using a yeast two-hybrid system demonstrated that BmCactus interacted with the BmRel Rel homology domain, but not with the BmRelish Rel homology domain. These results suggest that BmCactus is involved in the Toll signal transduction pathway in B. mori.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Construction Of Expression Vectors Thementioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Characterization of a Cactus Homolog from the SilkwormBombyx mori

Furukawa

Tanaka

Ishibashi

et al. 2009

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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“…In the silkworm, Ceropin D was specifically activated by the IMD .01, and P<0.001, respectively. Three larvae were used at each time point, and the experiment was repeated three times pathway after Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis infections (Tanaka et al, 2009). In our study, the expression of NOS2 was significantly induced by P. aeruginosa at 16 h, leading to an increase of the NO level in the gut (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midgut immune responses induced by bacterial infection in the silkworm, Bombyx mori

Zhang

Wang

2015

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:Insect gut epithelial cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to protect hosts from pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, we evaluate the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus bombysepticus in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Survival curves show that B. bombysepticus is deadly when larval silkworms are infected orally. Bacterial infection caused intestinal hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and nitric oxide (NO) levels to increase significantly by 8 and 16 h post-infection (hpi), respectively. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis shows that the transcription levels of dual oxidase (Duox) and catalase (CAT) are highly up-regulated by P. aeruginosa infection at 8 hpi. P. aeruginosa infection induced nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) expression at 16 hpi, which contributes to the generation of NO. mRNA levels of AMP genes, specifically Glovorin 2 and Glovorin 3, which obviously increase during the early infection stage. These results indicate that invading bacteria elevate intestinal ROS and NO levels and induce AMP gene transcription, which contributes to intestinal immune defense.

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“…As a consequence, the Rel transcription factors DIF are released and move from the cytoplasm to the nucleus (Kawaoka et al, 2008;Lemaitre and Hoffmann, 2007;Tanaka et al, 2005Tanaka et al, , 2009Valanne et al, 2011). BmCactus, which constitutively expressed mainly in the fat body and hemocytes, can strongly inhibit activation of the CecB1 gene promoter by either BmRelA or BmRelB (Furukawa et al, 2009).…”

Section: Intmentioning

confidence: 99%