Correlation of Early Cretaceous carbon isotope stratigraphy and platform drowning events: a possible link?

Weissert, Helmut; Lini, Andrea; Föllmi, Karl B.; Kuhn, Olivier

doi:10.1016/s0031-0182(97)00109-0

Cited by 515 publications

(353 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The stack clearly shows a decline in δ 13 C throughout the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous, reaching a minimum in the Early Cretaceous in magnetochron M12, near the base of the Campylotoxus Zone (see also Weissert et al, 1998). The positive excursion in the Valanginian, (the Weissert event), is plainly evident.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…A change to lower δ 13 C values was identified to occur within Magnetozones M18-M17 and within the B/C Calpionellid Zone (Weissert and Channell, 1989). The low δ 13 C values of the earliest Cretaceous contrast with the more positive values obtained from the Valanginian (Lini et al, 1992;Hennig et al, 1999;Weissert et al, 1998;Duchamp-Alphonse et al, 2007;Főzy et al, 2010). Such variation has led to the idea that carbon isotopes may be useful in adding to the characterisation of the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary (e.g., Michalík et al, 2009;Dzyuba et al, 2013;Shurygin and Dzyuba, 2015) although others (e.g., Ogg and Hinnov, 2012a) note the lack of significant geochemical markers.…”

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confidence: 97%

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Carbon cycle history through the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary: A new global δ13C stack

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Főzy

Pálfy

2016

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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We present new carbon and oxygen isotope curves from sections in the Bakony Mts. (Hungary), constrained by biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy in order to evaluate whether carbon isotopes can provide a tool to help establish and correlate the last system boundary remaining undefined in the Phanerozoic as well provide data to better understand the carbon cycle history and environmental drivers during the Jurassic-Cretaceous interval. We observe a gentle decrease in carbon isotope values through the Late Jurassic. A pronounced shift to more positive carbon isotope values does not occur until the Valanginian, corresponding to the Weissert event. In order to place the newly obtained stable to relatively stable δ 13 C values, compounded by a slope which is too slight. There is no clear isotopic marker event for the system boundary. The long-term gradual change towards more negative carbon isotope values through the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition has previously been explained by increasingly oligotrophic condition and lessened primary production. However, this contradicts the reported increase in 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios suggesting intensification of weathering (and a decreasing contribution of non-radiogenic hydrothermal Sr) and presumably a concomitant rise in nutrient input into the oceans.The concomitant rise of modern phytoplankton groups (dinoflagellates and coccolithophores) would have also led to increased primary productivity, making the negative carbon isotope trend even more notable. We suggest that gradual oceanographic changes, more effective connections and mixing between the Tethys, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, would have promoted a shift towards enhanced burial of isotopically heavy carbonate carbon and effective recycling of isotopically light organic matter.These processes account for the observed long-term trend, interrupted only by the Weissert event in the Valanginian.

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Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 88%

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confidence: 97%

Carbon cycle history through the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary: A new global δ13C stack

Price

Főzy

Pálfy

2016

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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“…Scholle & Arthur, 1980;Berger & Vincent, 1986;Weissert, 1989;Jenkyns, Gale & Corfield, 1994;Mitchell, Paul & Gale, 1996;Voigt & Hilbrecht, 1997;Weissert et al 1998;Jarvis, Murphy & Gale, 2001;Jarvis et al 2002). This association is generally attributed to changes in the partitioning of carbon between organic and carbonate carbon sinks caused by sea-level rise and consequent transgression.…”

Section: A Eustatic Sea-levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

et al. 2006

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-Carbon stable-isotope variation through the Cenomanian-Santonian stages is characterized using data for 1769 bulk pelagic carbonate samples collected from seven Chalk successions in England. The sections show consistent stratigraphic trends and δ 13 C values that provide a basis for highresolution correlation. Positive and negative δ 13 C excursions and inflection points on the isotope profiles are used to define 72 isotope events. Key markers are provided by positive δ 13 C excursions of up to + 2 ‰: the Albian/Cenomanian Boundary Event; Mid-Cenomanian Event I; the Cenomanian/Turonian Boundary Event; the Bridgewick, Hitch Wood and Navigation events of Late Turonian age; and the Santonian/Campanian Boundary Event. Isotope events are isochronous within a framework provided by macrofossil datum levels and bentonite horizons. An age-calibrated composite δ 13 C reference curve and an isotope event stratigraphy are constructed using data from the English Chalk. The isotope stratigraphy is applied to successions in Germany, France, Spain and Italy. Correlation with pelagic sections at Gubbio, central Italy, demonstrates general agreement between biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic criteria in the Cenomanian-Turonian stages, confirming established relationships between Tethyan planktonic foraminiferal and Boreal macrofossil biozonations. Correlation of the Coniacian-Santonian stages is less clear cut: magnetostratigraphic evidence for placing the base of Chron 33r near the base of the Upper Santonian is in good agreement with the carbon-isotope correlation, but generates significant anomalies regarding the placement of the Santonian and Campanian stage boundaries with respect to Tethyan planktonic foraminiferal and nannofossil zones. Isotope stratigraphy offers a more reliable criterion for detailed correlation of Cenomanian-Santonian strata than biostratigraphy. With the addition of Campanian δ 13 C data from one of the English sections, a composite Cenomanian-Campanian age-calibrated reference curve is presented that can be utilized in future chemostratigraphic studies.The Cenomanian-Campanian carbon-isotope curve is remarkably similar in shape to supposedly eustatic sea-level curves: increasing δ 13 C values accompanying sea-level rise associated with transgression, and falling δ 13 C values characterizing sea-level fall and regression. The correlation between carbon isotopes and sea-level is explained by variations in epicontinental sea area affecting organic-matter burial fluxes: increasing shallow sea-floor area and increased accommodation space accompanying sea-level rise allowed more efficient burial of marine organic matter, with the preferential removal of 12 C from the marine carbon reservoir. During sea-level fall, reduced seafloor area, marine erosion of previously deposited sediments, and exposure of basin margins led to reduced organiccarbon burial fluxes and oxidation of previously deposited organic matter, causing falling δ 13 C values. Additionally, drowning of carbonate platforms during...

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“…26 during and after the first global oceanic anoxic event in the upper Valanginian (Weissert et al, 1998). On the other hand, the data also illustrate a complex formation Bathymetry after Sager et al (2010) and magnetic anomalies after Nakanishi et al (1999).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Occasionally occurring excursions of the marine  13 C values to higher or lower levels are therefore of great palaeoceanographic interest and can be also used for Weissert Event, which is linked to the first global Oceanic Anoxic Event (e.g., Weissert et al, 1998;Weissert and Erba, 2004). Taken together, the C isotope values of the Shatsky vein calcite cannot unambiguously constrain the age of calcite precipitation but are consistent with an Early Cretaceous formation and with the proposed age relationship of the drill sites.…”

Section: Carbon Isotope Composition: Does the Vein Composition Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and timing of carbonate vein precipitation within the igneous basement of the Early Cretaceous Shatsky Rise, NW Pacific

Geldmacher

Hauff

et al. 2014

Marine Geology

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Correlation of Early Cretaceous carbon isotope stratigraphy and platform drowning events: a possible link?

Cited by 515 publications

References 33 publications

Carbon cycle history through the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary: A new global δ13C stack

Carbon cycle history through the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary: A new global δ13C stack

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Composition and timing of carbonate vein precipitation within the igneous basement of the Early Cretaceous Shatsky Rise, NW Pacific

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Correlation of Early Cretaceous carbon isotope stratigraphy and platform drowning events: a possible link?

Cited by 515 publications

References 33 publications

Carbon cycle history through the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary: A new global δ13C stack

Carbon cycle history through the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary: A new global δ13C stack

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ13C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Composition and timing of carbonate vein precipitation within the igneous basement of the Early Cretaceous Shatsky Rise, NW Pacific

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Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)