Correlation of electronic, leed, and auger diagnostics on ZnO surfaces

Levine, Judah; Willis, A.; Bottoms, W. R.; Mark, Peter

doi:10.1016/0039-6028(72)90075-1

Cited by 77 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…7,8 However, non-reconstructed polar ZnO surfaces turned out to be favourable and stable in nature. 9,10 Numerous publications concerning various suggested stabilisation mechanisms of these surfaces, e.g. electronic rearrangement via a charge transfer between the O-terminated and the Zn-terminated surface, resulting in metallic surface states, have been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterisation of hydroxide stabilised ZnO(0001)–Zn–OH surfaces

Valtiner

Borodin

Grundmeier

2007

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Two different approaches under ambient conditions were developed for the preparation of clean, non-reconstructed, single crystalline ZnO(0001)-Zn surfaces. The surface preparation by a wet chemical etching procedure was compared with the same treatment in combination with a subsequent heat treatment in humidified oxygen atmosphere. Depending on the preparation technique, atomically flat terraces with a width of 100 nm to several micrometers were observed using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The obtained surface structures were further characterized by means of angle resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) measurements. Based on these results it is shown that the obtained surfaces are, in contrast to surfaces prepared under UHV conditions, stabilised by the adsorption of a monolayer of hydroxides. The important role of H(2)O during the heat treatment is pointed out by comparing the results of the same heat treatment in the absence of water. H(2)O turned out to play an important role in the reorganization process of the surface at elevated temperatures, thereby yielding extremely large atomically flat terraces. The terminating edges of these terraces were found to include 120 degrees and 60 degrees angles, thus perfectly reflecting the hexagonal surface structure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterisation of hydroxide stabilised ZnO(0001)–Zn–OH surfaces

Valtiner

Borodin

Grundmeier

2007

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…As far as the present authors are aware, no independent data are available about the energy levels of such states at the ZnO/aqueous solution interface; the most direct indication is the value of 1.1-1.7 eV for AE (see Fig. 10) for a surface state connected with adsorbed C1-ions at the interface ZnO/dilute gas (13). The level of a ~Zn--O (-~ group may be supposed to be well above E; (cf.…”

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confidence: 99%

The zno/aqueous solution interface. II. mechanism of the slow process

Trimbos¹,

Stein²

1980

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…A strong influence of surface contaminations on the electronic properties of ZnO has been shown, e.g. by Levine et al, using photodischarge spectroscopy [69], or by Shapira et al, using photodesorption experiments [43]. Even the influence on the electronic structure of Zn or 0 atoms not ideally bound at the surface (which have been detected e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Reactivity, Electronic Structure and Geometry of Nonpolar Zincoxide Surfaces

Göpel

1978

Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem

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Charakt+xistische Wechselwirkungsmechanismen von Verbindungshalbleiter-Oberflachen mit reaktiven Gasen wurden am Modellsystem Zn0(1010)/0, untersucht fur 120 I T I 1000 K und verschiedene, thermodynamisch kontrollierte Oberflachenstrukturen. -Rekonstruktion und Punktdefekte bestimmen die geometrische und elektronische Struktur reiner Oberflachen. -Reversible Physisorption bei Temperaturen von 120-250K und Bedeckungsgraden 0 < lo-' fur Driicke P < 10-4Pa wird durch Adsorptionsisothermen und bedeckungsabhangige isostere Warmen charakterisiert. -Zwischen 300 und 650 K findet in Abwesenheit von Oberflichenpunktdefekten Chemisorption von 0; statt (0 c 2.5 . deren Energetik und Kinetik mit einfachen Elektronenubertragungs-Modellen quantitativ beschrieben werden kann. -Unter Sublimationsbedingungen (T > 700 K) tritt bevorzugte Desorption von 0, auf, wodurch thermodynamisch bestimmte Konzentrationen von Punktdefekten (wahrscheinlich Sauerstomiicken) an der Oberflache eingestellt werden, die zu drastischen hderungen der elektronischen Struktur fiihren. Bei nachfolgender Wechselwirkung mit Sauerstoff unter 700 K wird ein ausgepragter EinfluD dieser Punkdefekte auf Haftkoeflizienten und Elektroneniibertragungs-Raten gefunden. -Es zeigt sich, daD nur die gleichzeitige Anwendung unabhangiger Untersuchungsmethoden (AES, LEED, ESR, thermische Desorptionsspektroskopie, Isotopenaustausch sowie hderungen der Oberflachenleitfahigkeit und Austrittsarbeit) zu eindeutigen Ergebnissen fiihrt. Dies ermoglicht die Separation von Chemisorptions-Prozessen und Reaktionen mit Punktdefekten bei Sauerstoff-Wechselwirkung und damit ein vertieftes Verstandnis der Elementarschritte bei der Oxidationskatalyse am ZnO.

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Correlation of electronic, leed, and auger diagnostics on ZnO surfaces

Cited by 77 publications

References 19 publications

Preparation and characterisation of hydroxide stabilised ZnO(0001)–Zn–OH surfaces

Preparation and characterisation of hydroxide stabilised ZnO(0001)–Zn–OH surfaces

The zno/aqueous solution interface. II. mechanism of the slow process

Reactivity, Electronic Structure and Geometry of Nonpolar Zincoxide Surfaces

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