Correlation of epicardial fat and anthropometric measurements in Asian-Indians: A community based study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: It is increasingly evident that visceral adipose tissue plays a leading role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. Unfortunately, accurate quantification of intra-abdominal visceral fat is cumbersome and expensive. Epicardial fat represents the component of visceral fat distributed around the heart, and is readily and non-invasively assessed by echocardiography.AIMS: To determine the correlation of epicardial fat with anthropometric parameters in a healthy population of Asian-Indians.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted as part of a community outreach program from December to March 2011. Individuals over 18 years of age were included in the study. Anthropometric data was collected for all patients. Epicardial fat was assessed in parasternal long and short axes.RESULTS: 350 healthy individuals were included in the study. Of them, 66.7% were males. Mean age was 42.7 ± 15.3 years (range 18-84). Mean body-mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were 23.3 ± 4.5 kg/m2 (range 15.2-34.3) and 80.2 ± 13.3 cm (range 43-115) respectively. Mean epicardial fat in both axes was 2.6 ± 1.3 mm (range 0.3-7.0). Epicardial fat measured in both axes correlated well with weight (r = 0.399, P < 0.001), waist circumference (r = 0.522, P < 0.001) and BMI (r = 0.471, P < 0.001). Epicardial fat also correlated with age (r = 0.559, P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: There is an excellent correlation between epicardial fat measured by echocardiography and anthropometric parameters of metabolic syndrome.

Evaluation of epicardial adipose tissue in familial partial lipodystrophy

“…This observation is in accordance to previous findings in other conditions in literature, such as central obesity, coronary artery disease (CAD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), and MS [16,21]. Our patients had increased EFT, in agreement with prior results evaluating VAT in patients with FPLD [19,20].…”

Predictors of epicardial adipose tissue in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…There is a significant correlation between epicardial fat measured by echocardiography and waist circumference [44,45]. Additionally; the relationship between waist circumference, EAT and subclinical inflammation has been proven [34-37,46-49].…”

Algal production of nano-silver and gold: Their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities: A review

“…The green chemistry synthetic route for the NPs production have several advantages over those chemically synthesized as good control on the size distribution, such method can be potentially used for the large-scale synthesis for medical applications [136]. The synthesis of NPs from a wide diversity of marine resources proved to be one of the recent and most innovative areas of research (see Fig.…”

“…The Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis has showed that the synthesized nano-Ag was capped with bimolecular compounds which are responsible for reduction of silver ions. In addition, nano-Ag was 22 nm in diameter [60], [136].…”

“…Vivek et al [136] studied the biogenic Ag-NPs by Gelidiella acerosa extract and their antifungal effects against different fungal pathogens including Humicola insolens (MTCC 4520), Fusarium dimerum (MTCC 6583), Mucor indicus (MTCC 3318) and Trichoderma reesei (MTCC 3929). The study indicated that Ag-NPs have considerable antifungal activity in comparison with standard antifungal drug.…”