Correlation of geographic distributions of haptoglobin alleles with prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) – a narrative literature review

Bamm, Vladimir V.; Geist, Arielle M.; Harauz, George

doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9923-x

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 191 publications

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“…Therefore, Hp and transferrin types were studied in schizophrenic patients and control subjects by several groups. In agreement with our results, it has been demonstrated that Hp system displays a significant departure from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with an excess of heterozygotes among the schizophrenic patients [ 18 ]. Likewise, the distribution of Hp types in the schizophrenic patients was significantly different from that in the controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The positive acute phase proteins (APPs) are schizophrenic related proteins, with the highly concordant results on four positive APPs. In contrast to these reports, a study in Chinese patients revealed no such association between Hp or transferrin polymorphisms and schizophrenia [ 18 , 21 ]. Moreover, no reliable differences in the distribution of Hp phenotypes were found between schizophrenic patients and healthy Russian persons [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Likewise, the distribution of Hp types in the schizophrenic patients was significantly different from that in the controls. In contrast to Hp, there was no significant difference between patients and controls with respect to transferrin types [ 18 ]. In line with these findings, a study on 98 Northwestern Italian schizophrenic patients revealed that the allele frequency of the Hp phenotypes in schizophrenia, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Haptoglobin Phenotype Among Arab Patients With Mental Disorders

et al. 2018

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BackgroundDepression, schizophrenia and panic disorder are common mental disorders in the community and hospitalized patients. These mental disorders negatively affect life quality and even expectancy of life. Haptoglobin (Hp) phenotype (Hp 1-1, 1-2, or 2-2) is associated with risk for cardiovascular diseases, but its association with psychiatric disorders, a growing concern in the modern society, has not been studied thoroughly. The aim of the study was to examine whether Hp phenotype is associated with common mental disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and panic disorder.MethodsThe study included 92 Arab patients with mental disorders, and among them 44 suffered from schizophrenia (mean age 39 ± 1.5 years), 17 from depression (mean age 44.5 ± 3.1 years), 31 from panic disorder (mean age of 44.9 ± 2.7 years), and 206 healthy Arab control subjects with a mean age of 42.6 ± 0.9 years. Beck’s depression inventory assessment and Hamilton depression scale were administered for depression and panic disorder diagnosis. Schizophrenia was evaluated with positive and negative affect schedule (Panas) test. All mental disorders were evaluated by clinical review. Blood analysis for Hp phenotype was performed. Diagnosis was made using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders axis to correlate depression with Hp phenotype.ResultsIn mentally healthy controls, 10.7% were Hp 1-1, 38.8% Hp 2-1, and 50.5% Hp 2-2. In patients with the studied psychiatric disorders, Hp phenotype was comparable to healthy subjects; 8.7% were Hp 1-1, 50% Hp 2-1, and 41.3% Hp 2-2. When Hp phenotyping was analyzed in the psychiatric subgroups, Hp 2-1 was more common among depressed and schizophrenic patients, as compared with healthy subjects (58.8% and 52.3% vs. 38.8%). In patients who suffer from panic disorder, Hp phenotype distribution was 6.5% Hp 1-1, 41.9% Hp 2-1, and 51.6% Hp 2-2, suggesting a lower prevalence among Hp 1-1 phenotype.ConclusionsArab patients who carry Hp 2-1 phenotype may be at risk to develop depression or schizophrenia more than the general healthy population. In contrast, Hp 1-1 subjects have a lower prevalence of panic disorder.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Haptoglobin Phenotype Among Arab Patients With Mental Disorders

et al. 2018

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“…Chronic hemolysis results in the presence of a large amount of free hemoglobin in the blood, which is linked to increased endothelial adhesion and nitric oxide (NO) depletion [ 6 , 7 ], leading to a decrease of its vasodilator, antithrombotic, and anti-inflammatory properties [ 8 , 9 ]. The first line of cleaning free hemoglobin in the blood is a protein called haptoglobin (Hp) [ 7 , 10 ], which binds directly to free hemoglobin to form a very stable complex haptoglobin-hemoglobin (Hp-Hb), eliminated by macrophages via phagocytosis [ 6 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptoglobin Gene Polymorphism among Sickle Cell Patients in West Cameroon: Hematological and Clinical Implications

Fotsing

Pieme

Nya

et al. 2021

Advances in Hematology

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Haptoglobin is a protein involved in protecting the body from the harmful effects of free hemoglobin. The haptoglobin gene exhibits a polymorphism, and the different genotypes do not have the same capacity to combat the free hemoglobin effects. The present study aimed at determining the polymorphic distribution of haptoglobin in sickle cell patients (SCPs) from West Cameroon and their impact on the hematological parameters, as well as clinical manifestations of the disease severity. Haptoglobin genotype of 102 SCPs (SS) and 115 healthy individuals (60 AA and 55 AS) was determined by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction, and the complete blood count was determined using the AutoAnalyser. Results showed that the genotype Hp2-2 was significantly ( p < 0.05) represented in SS patients (54%) than in controls AA and AS (27% and 29%, respectively), while Hp2-1 was mostly found ( p < 0.05) in AS (42%) and AA (38%), against 15% in SS. The allelic distribution in SS patients was Hp2: 0.613, Hp1S: 0.304, and Hp1F: 0.084. In AA and AS controls, the proportions of the Hp1 and Hp2 alleles were similar (around 0.5 each), with 0.282 for Hp1S and 0.218 for Hp1F in AS and 0.283 for Hp1S and 0.258 for Hp1F in AA. The distribution of the haptoglobin genotypes did not reveal any significant difference across hematological parameters and clinical manifestations of disease severity in SCP and controls. SCP with Hp1S-1F genotype presented the highest level of hemoglobin. Although Hp2-2 was more frequent in SS patients, it appeared not to be related to the hematological parameters and to the disease’s severity. Further investigations are necessary to explore the impact of Hp polymorphism such as antioxidant, lipid profile, and functionality of some tissues in SCP in Cameroon.

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“…16 Conversely, in Chile only 15% have the Hp2-2 haplotype. 16,17 Advancing maternal age has been seen to be associated with a higher prevalence of the Hp2-2 genotype. 18 In multiethnic Singapore, the prevalence of the Hp2 allele is at 83% in Indians compared with 67% in Chinese.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The protean role of haptoglobin and haptoglobin genotypes on vascular complications in diabetes mellitus

Dalan

Ling

2018

Eur J Prev Cardiolog

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Introduction and background Haptoglobin (Hp) is considered to be an antioxidant and protective against cardiovascular complications. Polymorphisms in the Hp gene interact with diabetes mellitus to affect the risk of vascular complications. Methods We review the updated literature about the protean role of Hp and Hp genotypes spanning genomics, molecular, translational and clinical studies. We searched Pubmed, SCOPUS and Google Scholar for all articles using the keywords: haptoglobin and/or haptoglobin polymorphism and diabetes. We review the diverse Hp genotypes, phenotypes and the impact on diabetes complications, including lessons from animal models and in vitro models. We describe the clinical studies on the associations of Hp genotypes with vascular complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes comprehensively. We review the studies looking at vitamin E supplementation in a personalized manner in Hp2-2 diabetes individuals. Results and conclusion Hp genotypes have evolved as a result of deletions in the traditional Hp genes. The Hp genotypes have been associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes mellitus but the association in type 2 diabetes is more consistent with cardiovascular complications. A preferential benefit of vitamin E and other antioxidants in the Hp2-2 genotype for cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes has been seen presumably secondary to interaction with high-density lipoprotein function. Hence, the Hp genotype can be used to personalize antioxidant therapeutics in diabetes patients. These results need to be corroborated in large, global, pragmatic, prospective, cardiovascular outcome trials in type 2 diabetes patients.

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Correlation of geographic distributions of haptoglobin alleles with prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) – a narrative literature review

Cited by 10 publications

References 191 publications

Haptoglobin Phenotype Among Arab Patients With Mental Disorders

Haptoglobin Phenotype Among Arab Patients With Mental Disorders

Haptoglobin Gene Polymorphism among Sickle Cell Patients in West Cameroon: Hematological and Clinical Implications

The protean role of haptoglobin and haptoglobin genotypes on vascular complications in diabetes mellitus

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