Correlation of Growth Pattern and Palatal Rugae Pattern in South Indian Population

Abstract

Aim: To determine the correlation between palatal rugae (PR) pattern and subjects with vertical, average, and horizontal growth pattern and to determine gender variation if any. Material and Methods: One hundred and twenty study models were divided into horizontal, vertical, and average growth patterns with 40 (20 males and 20 females) samples in each group. The pattern of PR was assessed in each group using a template. Result: Type B (wavy type) PR occurs more often in horizontal and average growth pattern (80% and 72.5% respectively), whereas its occurrence in vertical growth pattern subject is the least among other growth patterns, that is, 42.5% of the total subjects. Type E (curved type) PR has appeared highest in 27.5% of average growth pattern patient followed by 12.5% of vertical growth pattern subjects. The occurrence of type E PR is least in horizontal growth pattern which is just 5% of the total subjects. Conclusion: Curved-type PR was more prevalent in vertical and average growth patterns. Diverging PR pattern was mainly seen in vertical growth pattern. PR also shows sexual dimorphism. The association is clinically significant as it will lead to determination of facial vertical growth pattern at early age; thus, it serves as a diagnostic adjunct for different malocclusions very early in life and aids in preventive or interceptive orthodontic measures to alleviate forthcoming growth pattern.

Assessment of Palatal Rugae Characteristics in Different Malocclusions- A Scoping Review

“…One study that compared class II division I with class I rugae pattern was by Gandikota et al [12] STUDIES ON VERTICAL DIMENSION Solarte et al, Sudhakar et al, Maria E. Saadeh et al are three studies which compared the relationship between palatal rugae & vertical dimension. [11,14,24]…”

“…[20] There were contradictory results found with regards to the association between sagittal malocclusion and rugae patterns and found no statistically significant difference among different malocclusion about rugae pattern [12,[14][15][20][21] whereas few studies reported that the primary, secondary as well as the fragmentary rugae were greater in class II malocclusion and has significant difference in rugae pattern with class II malocclusion than class I and class III. [13,[18][19]24] One study that compared rugae pattern in class I and class II division I, where the length of second and third rugae were used and found that the length of rugae was shorter in class II division 1 than class I and concluded that there was a notable constriction of rugae observed in class II division I than in class I. [11] VERTICAL ASPECT With regard to the direction, rugae were horizontally oriented with parallel distribution among skeletal open bite cases.…”

“…[14] On comparing vertical growth pattern with palatal rugae, Sudhakar et al observed that the wavy type of rugae were prevalent in horizontal as well as in average growth patten, whereas the curved type was more common in vertical and average growth pattern, Diverging type was only seen in vertical pattern. [24] SAGITTAL AND VERTICAL ASPECT…”