Correlation of HIV-1 drug resistant mutations and virologic failure

Makwaga, Olipher; Mulama, David H.; John, McCormick; Mwau, Matilu

doi:10.11604/pamj.2021.39.180.28818

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In a study conducted in Kenya's Busia County 34 , majority of the patients with treatment resistance were on TDF + 3TC + EFV regimen. Although majority of the patients on HAART in both this study and in the country were on this regimen, both the current study and the one conducted in Busia still reported a higher treatment failure rate for this cohort of HIV infected patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Intrapartum Detectable Viral Load Among Hiv Positive Parturients at Riley Mother and Baby Hospital, Eldoret-Kenya.

Matetai,

Mutakha,

Muyala

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Vertical transmission of Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) can occur during pregnancy, labour, and delivery, or in breastfeeding. Detectable viral load among pregnant women is the strongest predictor. Knowledge of factors associated with DVL could inform integrated prevention services both in prenatal and postnatal care. Objective To describe the patient characteristics, determine the prevalence of detectable viral load and assess factors associated with it among HIV infected women delivering at Riley Mother and Baby Hospital (RMBH), Eldoret Kenya. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study conducted among 140 HIV infected expectant women attending RMBH. Maternal sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected using structured interviewer administered questionnaire and viral load assay was done by the AMPATH Reference Laboratory with a detection threshold of 40 copies/ml. Descriptive statistics of means and proportions as well as bivariate tests of associations (p ≤ 0.05) were conducted, followed by logistic regression for statistically significant variable. Results 99 (70.9%) of the participants knew their HIV status prior to the pregnancy under review, 34 (24.3%) sero-discordant and 77 (55.0%) presented late (> 16weeks) for their first antenatal visit. TDF/3TC/EFV was the most common antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen with an overall median ART duration of 20 (IQR: 6.0, 60.0) months. 25 (17.9%) had DVL, of whom 5/25 (20%) had Low level viremia (50-1000 copies/ ml) while 17/25 (68%), had > 1000 copies/ml. 16/17 (94%) of those with viral load of > 1000copies/ml delivered by spontaneous Vertex Delivery (SVD). Those with moderate or severe ART side effects were significantly more likely to have a detectable viral load at delivery (AOR = 6.189; 95% CI: 1.330, 28.797; p = 0.020). Conclusion The prevalence of DVL was 17.9% with moderate or severe ART related side effects being significant predictors. Adherence counselling in integrated PMTCT and antenatal care should focus on the recognition of ART-related side effects and their management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Intrapartum Detectable Viral Load Among Hiv Positive Parturients at Riley Mother and Baby Hospital, Eldoret-Kenya.

Matetai,

Mutakha,

Muyala

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Actionable interventions to improve these conditions will benefit Kenya in holding the reigns of increasing VLNS and DR. Many researchers have delved into the threat of HIV DR in Kenya [ 35 , 36 ]. However, little work has been done to actively identify poorly performing locations to tackle HIV DR. Our fast and effective method based on routinely collected data can identify poorly performing locations and accelerate the administrative processes in managing VLNS and HIV DR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Machine Learning Approach to Predict HIV Viral Load Hotspots in Kenya Using Real-World Data

Majumder

Chung²,

Kagendi

et al. 2023

Health Data Sci

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Background: Machine learning models are not in routine use for predicting HIV status. Our objective is to describe the development of a machine learning model to predict HIV viral load (VL) hotspots as an early warning system in Kenya, based on routinely collected data by affiliate entities of the Ministry of Health. Based on World Health Organization’s recommendations, hotspots are health facilities with ≥20% people living with HIV whose VL is not suppressed. Prediction of VL hotspots provides an early warning system to health administrators to optimize treatment and resources distribution. Methods: A random forest model was built to predict the hotspot status of a health facility in the upcoming month, starting from 2016. Prior to model building, the datasets were cleaned and checked for outliers and multicollinearity at the patient level. The patient-level data were aggregated up to the facility level before model building. We analyzed data from 4 million tests and 4,265 facilities. The dataset at the health facility level was divided into train (75%) and test (25%) datasets. Results: The model discriminates hotspots from non-hotspots with an accuracy of 78%. The F1 score of the model is 69% and the Brier score is 0.139. In December 2019, our model correctly predicted 434 VL hotspots in addition to the observed 446 VL hotspots. Conclusion: The hotspot mapping model can be essential to antiretroviral therapy programs. This model can provide support to decision-makers to identify VL hotspots ahead in time using cost-efficient routinely collected data.

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“…Although many anti-HIV drugs were developed for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, it is still a global health problem ( 18 ). Therefore, it is important to further understand the molecular mechanisms of virus replication and the possible targets and mechanisms of virus inhibition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effect of SRSF9 overexpression on HIV-1 production

Kim

et al. 2022

BMB Rep

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Serine-arginine-rich splicing factors (SRSFs) are members of RNA processing proteins in the serine-arginine-rich (SR) family that could regulate the alternative splicing of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). Whether SRSF9 has any effect on HIV-1 regulation requires elucidation. Here, we report for the first time the effects and mechanisms of SRSF9 on HIV-1 regulation. The overexpression of SRSF9 inhibits viral production and infectivity in both HEK293T and MT-4 cells. Deletion analysis of SRSF9 determined that the RNA regulation motif domain of SRSF9 is important for anti-HIV-1 effects. Furthermore, overexpression of SRSF9 increases multiple spliced forms of viral mRNA, such as Vpr mRNA. These data suggest that SRSF9 overexpression inhibits HIV-1 production by inducing the imbalanced HIV-1 mRNA splicing that could be exploited further for a novel HIV-1 therapeutic molecule. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(12): 639-644]

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Correlation of HIV-1 drug resistant mutations and virologic failure

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Factors Associated With Intrapartum Detectable Viral Load Among Hiv Positive Parturients at Riley Mother and Baby Hospital, Eldoret-Kenya.

Factors Associated With Intrapartum Detectable Viral Load Among Hiv Positive Parturients at Riley Mother and Baby Hospital, Eldoret-Kenya.

A Machine Learning Approach to Predict HIV Viral Load Hotspots in Kenya Using Real-World Data

Investigation of the effect of SRSF9 overexpression on HIV-1 production

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