Correlation of Levels of Interleukin-1β in Gingival Crevicular Fluid to the Clinical Parameters of Chronic Periodontitis

Abstract

Aim: Background and objectives: IL-1β is a potent stimulator of bone resorption and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal destruction. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the levels of IL-1β of chronic periodontitis patients with the healthy subjects. Another objective of this study was to correlate IL-1β levels with the clinical parameters of the periodontal disease progression. Methods: For this study, total 60 subjects were chosen (30healthy and 30-chronic periodontitis). Simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), periodontal disease index (PDI), probing depth (PD), tooth mobility, bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded for all the subject. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected and subjected for ELISA for estimation of IL-1β. Results: At the periodontal diseased sites, the IL-1β levels increased at least 2-fold as compared with healthy subjects. This increase was highly significant (p = 0.0000). Within the test group, IL-1β levels correlated positively and significantly with PDI, PD, BOP and tooth mobility. The correlations of IL-1β with PD (p = 0.000) and IL-1β with BOP (p = 0.0004) were highly significant. Interpretation and conclusion: These data suggest that amount of GCF IL-1β is closely associated with periodontal status. This relationship may be valuable in monitoring periodontal disease activity. Clinical significance: It could be stated from this study on IL-1β that there seem to be a strong correlation between periodontal tissue destruction and IL-1β. Furthermore IL-1β level could also differentiate between active and inactive periodontal lesions.

Developing a periodontal disease antibody array for the prediction of severe periodontal disease using machine learning classifiers

“…In agreement with our findings, the increase in IL‐1β, IL‐8, MMP‐13, OPG, and osteoactivin levels in periodontitis patients has been previously described . Moreover, IL‐1β, IL‐8, and MMP‐13 levels increased in active sites compared with inactive sites from progressive periodontal disease .…”

“…Moreover, IL‐1β, IL‐8, and MMP‐13 levels increased in active sites compared with inactive sites from progressive periodontal disease . IL‐1β is secreted primarily by macrophages after bacterial infection or tissue injury and participates in the pathogenesis of periodontal destruction, with IL‐1β levels in GCF correlating with the inflammatory status of periodontal disease . IL‐8 is considered an important mediator of recruitment and activation of human neutrophils and downregulated with periodontal therapy .…”

Identification of Gingival Crevicular Fluid Sampling, Analytical Methods, and Oral Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review

“…Several studies have suggested that IL-1 β levels can be used as a good biomarker to differentiate between healthy and chronic periodontitis sites [12, 41, 51, 53, 98]. They can also be used to discriminate healthy subjects from patients with AgP [41, 51, 80, 99].…”

Effect of Periodontal Therapy on Crevicular Fluid Interleukin-18 Level in Periodontal Health and Disease in Central Maharashtra (India) Population

“…Researchers have assumed that formation of inappropriate cytokines results in protective immunity, whereas inappropriate cytokines result in tissue destruction and disease progression. 1,[3][4][5] Interleukin-18 is a proinflammatory cytokine derived from T cells and produced mainly by cells of Th1/Th0 phenotype but not cells of the Th2 phenotype. 4 In periodontal patients, IL-7, IL-8, IL12, IL-17, and IL-19 have been testified in both GCF and periodontal tissues.…”