Correlation of PD-L1 and CD133 Expression with Metastasis in Invasive Breast Carcinoma of Luminal B Subtype

Abstract

Background: Breast carcinoma is a cancer with the highest number in women, Luminal B is the highest number of all types of invasive breast carcinoma in the world. Invasive breast carcinoma of luminal B is breast carcinoma with hormone-receptor positive (estrogen-receptor and/or progesterone-receptor positive), and either HER2 positive or HER2 negative with high levels of Ki-67. Determining the aggressiveness factor in invasive breast carcinoma is very important. PD-L1 is a checkpoint in the cancer cell immunity cycle that affects the aggressiveness of tumour cells and CD133 is a cancerous stem cell marker that plays a role in proliferation, renewal and invasion of tumour cells. This study aims to determine the relationship of PD-L1 and CD133 expression with metastasis in the invasive breast carcinoma of Luminal B subtype.
 Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a case control design to analyze 40 cases of invasive breast carcinoma Luminal B subtype, then divided into 2 groups, metastasis and nonmetastasis groups of 20 cases respectively. Then, all samples were performed by PD-L1 and CD133 immunohistochemistry staining, and then were associated with metastasis. All data were analyzed statistically, tested with a value of p < 0.05 from a significant level then processed with SPSS 24.0 for Windows.
 Results: The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship in PD-L1 (p = 0.013), CD133 (p = 0.020) with metastasis. PD-L1 expression affects the incidence of metastasis more strongly than the CD133 expression, the high CD133 expression has the greatest risk of metastasis, compared to the high expression in PD-L1 (PD-L1 Odds Ratio : OR CD133 = 7.364 : 12,667).
 Conclusions: The more increase in expression of PD-L1 and CD133 which demonstrated the more tendency for metastasis shows that PD-L1 had the most influence on metastasis.

Expression of CD 133 in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast

“…However the comparison was not statistically significant. A trend of higher incidence of CD133 expression was noted with advanced histology grade which was consistent with result obtained in other studies (Anwar et al, 2019;Liou et al, 2019;Han, 2015). This may be due to availability of less number of cases in our study when compared with other studies.…”

“…However the findings did not reach any statistical significance. The present study showed highest number of cases belonging to T2 i.e 23 cases (40.35%) which correlated with other studies (Anwar, 2019). In present study there was no correlation between the tumor size and the CD 133 expression.…”

“…Initially CD 133 was found in hematopoietic stem cells and was considered as specific molecular biomarker for hematopoietic stem cells, In the present study, the age group ranged from 28 years to 80 years with mean age of 54 years, which is similar to the other study (Margaret et al, 2013). Though 44% of cases were aged less than 50 years and 56 % cases were above 50 years, statistical significance was not seen with respect to CD 133 expression in pre and postmenopausal ages in our study even though some studies have described the association of CD 133 expression in cancers of Post-menopausal age group (Margaret et al, 2013;Anwar, 2019) In present study the frequency (score > 1) of CD 133 expression was seen in 77.19 % of cases (44/57). However a significant expression (score >3) was seen in 39/57 (68%) of cases.…”

CD133, CD47, and PD-L1 Expression in Ovarian High-grade Serous Carcinoma and Its Association with Metastatic Disease: A Cross-sectional Study

“…Immune evasion is a hallmark feature, as evidenced in various malignancies. CD47 and PD-L1 are recognized to play a critical role in cancer cells evading cytotoxic T cell assaults, which results in uncontrolled tumor development during the early stages of invasion and metastasis [ 36 , 16 ]. Our findings indicated increased CD47 expression in metastatic HGSC tumor cells compared to non-metastatic HGSC tumor cells.…”