Correlation of the rumen fluid microbiome and the average daily gain with a dietary supplementation of Allium mongolicum Regel extracts in sheep1

Abstract

Plant extracts can affect the rumen microbiome and ADG in ruminants, and studies of the association between the rumen microbiome and ADG provide information applicable to improving ruminant growth performance. The objectives were to investigate the effects of Allium mongolicum Regel extracts on the rumen microbiome and ADG and their association in sheep. Forty healthy, male, small-tailed Han sheep (6 mo, 34 ± 3.5 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to 1 of the following 4 dietary treatments: basal diet as control group (CK, n = 10), basal diet supplemented with 3.4 g·sheep−1·d−1A. mongolicum Regel powder extract as PAM group (PAM, n = 10), basal diet supplemented with 10 g·sheep−1·d−1A. mongolicum Regel powder as AM group (AM, n = 10), and basal diet supplemented with 10 g·sheep−1·d−1A. mongolicum Regel powder extract residue as RAM group (RAM, n = 10). The ADG for individual sheep was calculated using the sum of the ADGs observed during the experimental period divided by the number of days in the experimental period. At the end of the experiment, sheep were randomly selected from each treatment for slaughter (n = 6), and the rumen fluids were collected and stored immediately at −80 °C. Illumina HiSeq was subsequently used to investigate the changes in the rumen microbiome profile, and the associations with ADG were analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient analysis. The results demonstrated that, compared with that in CK group, the ADG in AM and RAM significantly increased (P = 0.0171). The abundances of Tenericutes and Mollicutes ([ρ] = 0.5021, P = 0.0124) were positively correlated with ADG. Within Mollicutes, the abundances of Anaeroplasmatales ([ρ] = 0.5458, P = 0.0058) and Anaeroplasmataceae ([ρ] = 0.5458, P = 0.0058) were positively correlated with ADG. The main negatively correlated bacteria were Saccharibacteria ([ρ] = −0.4762, P = 0.0187) and Betaproteobacteria ([ρ] = −0.5669, P = 0.039). Although Anaeroplasmatales and Anaeroplasmataceae were positively correlated with ADG, Saccharibacteria and Betaproteobacteria were negatively correlated with ADG. In conclusion, supplementation with A. mongolicum Regel powder and extracts will influence the rumen microbiome and increase the ADG.

Effect of dietary supplementation with Allium mongolicum Regel extracts on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and the fat color and flavor-related branched-chain fatty acids concentration in ram lambs

“…One hundred grams concentrate of the basal diet was mixed with 10 g Allium mongolicum Regel powder, 3.4 g water extract, or 2.8 g ethanol extract, respectively, and divided each mixture into two equal amounts at 0800 h and 1730 h, then they were provided for individual sheep twice daily to ensure that the supplements were completely consumed by each lamb. The dose of Allium mongolicum Regel (10 glamb -1 d -1 ) was based on preliminary field and research studies [17]. Three feeding treatments (AMR,…”

Phytochemistry and Comprehensive Chemical Profiling Study of Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids in the Aerial Parts of Allium Mongolicum Regel and Their Intestinal Motility Evaluation

“…Consequently, the structure of 5 was identified, and named as mongoflavonoside B 1 . 13 C NMR (Table 1) and 2D NMR ( 1 H 1 H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, HSQC-TOCSY) spectra suggested 6 had the same glycosyl moieties with 1: Figure 4 were determined by proton and proton correlations observed in its 1 H 1 H COSY experiment. The planar structure of 5 was finally elucidated according to the long-range correlations from H-1 to C-9; H-1 to C-2 ( Figure 4) found in HMBC experiment, and the structure of 7 was named as mongophenoside A 1 .…”

“…Its acid hydrolysis product was derived to obtain trimethylsilane thiazolidine derivatives, then the existence of d-glucuronic acid, d-glucose, and l-rhamnose were clarified by GC analysis [27]. Its 1 H, 13 C-NMR (Table 1)…”

“…The molecular formula, C33H38O23 of 6 was measured on ESI-Q-Orbitrap MS (m/z 801.17407 [M − H] -, calculated for C33H37O23, 801.17201) analysis. The 1 H, 13 C NMR (Table 1) and 2D NMR ( 1 H 1 , and its molecular formula was deduced to be C21H28O14. The IR spectrum of it showed absorption bands ascribable to hydroxyl (3362 cm −1 ), α,β-unsaturated ester carbonyl (1709 cm -1 ), aromatic ring (1601, 1521, 1447 cm −1 ), and ether function (1074 cm −1 ).…”

“…As a traditional Mongolian medicinal herb, Allium mongolicum Regel (Liliaceae family) is mainly found in the high altitude desert of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Qinghai, Gansu, and Shanxi provinces [12], and has various special properties, such as stimulating the appetite, lowering blood pressure, hypolipidemic, replenishing the kidneys, and acting as an aphrodisiac [7]. Though it has been used to stimulate the appetite, studies were mainly focused on animal cultivation and improvement on meat products [12][13][14] up until now. Experiments related to the gastrointestinal tract have not been reported for the plant.…”