Correlation of Type 1 and Type 3 Fimbrial Genes with the Type of Specimen and the Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Clinically Isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae in Baghdad

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a member of coliform bacteria that causes wide ranges of infections including circulatory, respiratory system, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and wounds infections. This study aimed to find the correlation between type 1 and 3 fimbrial genes expression with multidrug resistance (MDR) K. pneumoniae isolates towards antibiotics. Sixty clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae were collected from three main types of samples including blood, wound and burn swabs, and urine samples. The diagnosis was confirmed by VITEK-2 system and 16s rRNA housekeeping gene. The antibiotic sensitivity profile included 16 antimicrobial agents, with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production. PCR technique was applied to detect four genes of type-1 fimbrial genes: (usher-1, chaperon-1L, chaperon-1S, and fim-H1), beside type-3 fimbrial genes: (MrkA, MrkB, MrkC, MrkD, and MrkF). The results showed that K. pneumoniae isolates were hundred percent (100%) resistant towards ampicillin, no resistance (0%) was recorded towards tigecycline and ertapenem, while the percentages of resistance for ceftazidem, cefepime, amikacine, and amipenem were 15%, 20%, 51.7%, and 50% respectively, and the isolates showed about (13-71%) resistance to the rest antimicrobials agents. The production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase was in 40 (66.67%) of total the 60 isolates. There was no relationship according to the statistical analysis between the type of specimen with the antibiotic resistance rates. For fimbriae type 1 genes, the largest occurrence (90%) was reported in Chaperon-1S gene and the lowest one was in Usher-1 gene (56.6%), while it was above 70% in Chaperon-1L gene and fim-H1 gene of the total K. pneumoniae isolates. The percentages of type 3 genes MrkA, MrkB, MrkC, MrkD, and MrkF were: 28.3, 76.6, 85, 51.6, and 63.3% respectively. The type-1 fimbrial genes had no significant correlation among them, however, the type-3 fimbrial genes had significance in their presence at 0.01 and 0.05 levels as they are located on the same Mrk operon. Finally, the correlation between type 1 and 3 fimbrial genes with the type of specimen and antibiotic resistance was not significant at all.

Effect of Selenium Nanoparticles on the Expression of OqxBGene in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae

“…However, the prevalence of these resistance genes The current study demonstrated a high prevalence of resistance genes among patients infected with K. pneumoniae, indicating that treatment of these infections can be challenging and pose a significant risk to this population. These findings are consistent with those of Muhsin et al, who reported a high prevalence of efflux pump resistance genes among clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae in Baghdad, Iraq (24). Similar results were also observed in other studies conducted in different parts of the world (25,26).…”

Genetic detection of folate pathway inhibitors and outer membrane porins genes among gentamicin-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae isolates

“…Results showed that OmpK35 and OmpK36 were 39 (92.8%) and 32 (76.1%) respectively (Figure,4 and 5). In accordance with the findings of a previous investigation conducted in Baghdad by Muhsin et al, [29] they found the results was 51 (85%) of the total 60 isolates had positive results for OmpK35. Current results were high from finding was observed in Saudi Arabia by Ejaz [30] who discovered the Ompk36 result to be 72.5%.…”

Detection of some Biological Parameters and Heavy Metals Presence in Tigris River Water by Novel Designed Bacterial Efflux Pump Genes

“…These results are close to the findings of [19] and [20] regarding river water samples. It was recorded that the same water quality parameters as in the current study as the high levels of such heavy metals might affect the food chain, health, and fish in such ecosystems [21]. There was a significant difference in levels of certain metals compared to the others in the study [22].…”